The methods of physical-chemical inspection is adopted in the traditional pesticide residue detection, which require a lot of pretreatment processes, are time-consuming and complicated. In the present study, the authors take chlorpyrifos applied widely in the present agricultural field as the research object and propose a rapid and quantitative detection method for organophosphorus pesticide residues. At first, according to the chemical characteristics of chlorpyrifos and comprehensive chromogenic effect of several colorimetric reagents and secondary pollution, the pretreatment of the scheme of chromogenic reaction of chlorpyrifos with resorcin in a weak alkaline environment was determined. Secondly, by analyzing Uv-Vis spectrum data of chlorpyrifos samples whose content were between 0.5 and 400 mg·kg-1, it was confirmed that the characteristic information after the color reaction mainly was concentrated among 360～400 nm. Thirdly, the full spectrum forecasting model was established based on the partial least squares, whose correlation coefficient of calibration was 0.999 6, correlation coefficient of prediction reached 0.995 6, standard deviation of calibration (RMSEC) was 2.814 7 mg·kg-1, and standard deviation of verification (RMSEP) was 8.012 4 mg·kg-1. Fourthly, the wavelengths whose center wavelength is 400 nm was extracted as characteristic region to build a forecasting model, whose correlation coefficient of calibration was 0.999 6, correlation coefficient of prediction reached 0.999 3, standard deviation of calibration (RMSEC) was 2.566 7 mg·kg-1, standard deviation of verification (RMSEP) was 4.886 6 mg·kg-1, respectively. At last, by analyzing the near infrared spectrum data of chlorpyrifos samples with contents between 0.5 and 16 mg·kg-1, the authors found that although the characteristics of the chromogenic functional group are not obvious, the change of absorption peaks of resorcin itself in the neighborhood of 5 200 cm-1 happens. The above-mentioned experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible for rapid and quantitative detection prediction for organophosphorus pesticide residues. In the method, the information in full spectrum especially UV-Vis spectrum is strengthened by chromogenic reaction of a colorimetric reagent, which provides a new way of rapid detection of pesticide residues for agricultural products in the future.