Shihao Liu, Letian Zhang, Wenfa Xie. Solution processed organic light-emitting devices: structure, device physics and fabrication process[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2022, 49(5): 210407
(a) Normal structure; (b) Inverted structure; (c) Tandem structure. Soln and VTE in bracket respectively
represent solution-processed and thermally evaporated under high vacuum[30-31]
(a) A case of ETL without hole blocking; (b) A case of ETL with hole blocking;
(c) Energy levels and capacitance-voltage-current density characteristics of two hole-dominated OLEDs [52]
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