Single-carrier frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE),as a mature technique in wireless commutation,is widely researched for signal equalization and compensation utilizing high speed electronic devices such as digital signal processor,A SC-FDE technique in optical communication system for received signal dispersion compensation is proposed and demonstrated. After 50 km,80 km,100km transmission for a 10 Gb/s amplitude shift keying (ASK) single sideband (SSB) signal on a single mode fiber,the dispersion of optical signal is effectively compensated by adopting SC-FDE technique. The SSB signal is generated by a dual-arm Mach-Zehnder modulator cascading a phase modulator based on Hilbert finite impulse response digital filter. The results demonstrate that the eye opening and the clock recovery is improved,and the effect of compensation is enhanced as the transmission distance increases in proposed SC-FDE model. At last,the SSB modulation location for achieving the best SC-FDE effect is also obtained.