In order to ensure the mechanical stability and thermal stability of the satellite-borne Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne interferometer on wind measurement, a low heat conduction and microstress support structure is designed, and the interferometer is clamped by the combination of bonding and elastic compression. Firstly, according to the structural characteristics and stability requirements of the interferometer, a ring bonding surface is proposed, the bonding surface is optimized and compared with the existing one. Then, in view of the question that the response stress of the interface between the interferometer and the base is too large under the condition of random vibration, a cover structure with pretension is designed to improve bonding reliability. Finally, finite element simulation and test are carried out to analyze and verify the low thermal conductivity and mechanical reliability of the interferometer assembly. Experimental results indicate that the ring bonding surface has a 63.54% reduction in the heat input from the base to the optical components under the same conditions than the existing one. The maximum response stress of the adhesive surface at random vibration is 2 MPa. The basic frequencies of the interferometer component are all above 1900 Hz. The relative error of the analysis and test results is less than 8.6%. The interferometer based on the ring bonding surface and pretension has the characteristics of low heat conduction and high mechanical reliability, the structure design is reasonable and the performance is reliable.