Phosphors Sr2SiO4:Eu2+ with one-dimensional nanorod structure are prepared by a modified sol-gel method. The solution precursor containing SiO2 micro-spheres prepared by a Stober method is used as raw materials to synthesize. These phosphors are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy disperse spectroscope (EDS). It is found that uniform Sr2SiO4:Eu2+ nanorods are synthesized by this method. Their luminescent properties are investigated. In addition, factors that affect their luminescent properties including the :Eu2+ ion concentration, heating time, sintering temperature and flux are also studied.