Dongmendu Kiln was one of the earliest kilns among the ancient Xuanzhou kilns, which belonged to the celadon of Yue Kiln series. The porcelains of Dongmendu Kiln, with its distinctive local characteristics, had a special style. The research on the structural properties in the micro length scale and process features about the porcelains was still superficial for lack of evidence. So far, its process features were only evaluated from the external morphology of implements. Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) combined with optical microscopic analysis was applied to determine the elemental abundance patterns of the porcelain bodies and glazes excavated from Dongmendu Kiln. Meanwhile, XRD, FT-IR and TG-DSC analysis were used to test the porcelain body’s phases, major ingredients and fire characteristics. Based on the above comprehensive characterizations, the process feathers and attributes were concluded reasonably. Evidence revealed that porcelains produced in Dongmendu Kiln were the typical south porcelains because of high silicon and low aluminum contents. The porcelain body was made up of china stone, which was mixed with some ember clays in the local. The porcelain glazes exhibited the typical properties of Yue Kiln due to the high calcium contents. The presence of big particles in porcelain bodies and glazes indicated that the processing of raw materials was not elaborate. The phases of the porcelain body revealed that the sintering temperature was not high than 1200℃, or the holding time at high temperature was much shorter. Overall, the formulation process and fire level of Dongmendu Kiln were not high. It should be a typical kiln in the Tang and Song Dynasties of Xuanzhou, where civil ceramics were produced. The results had important scientific value on an objective understanding of the process level, characteristics and laws of the ancient porcelain in Anhui. It is of great academic significance to explore the connotation of ancient Chinese imperial kilns, the production layout of kiln industry, and to establish the historical position of Xuanzhou kiln in the development of Anhui porcelain industry and the exchange of porcelain technology between the south and the north. Further, it was also advantageous to promote the conservation and planning construction of Anhui ruins and heritage and protection of the regional culture.