Quantum satellite communications in free space are susceptible to interference from ionosphere， space plasma and ice crystal particles. These factors can interfere with the normal communications of quantum satellites. In order to improve the anti-interference ability of quantum satellite links， this paper first proposes an optimization strategy based on quantum entanglement feedback control （QEFC）. In QEFC， the leaked photons in the cavity are measured and the information obtained by measure is used to estimate the states of atoms. Further the controller is adjusted to change the spin of atoms in the cavity. The relationship of different environmental factors with fidelity and bit error rate is established. Moreover，the system performance parameters before and after the adoption of QEFC are compared. Finally， the performance simulation is performed. The results show that QEFC can improve the fidelity of quantum satellite communication system under natural environmental interference in the amplitude damping channels and depolarization channels. In the space plasma environment， QEFC can reduce the bit error rate from 13.7×10^-3 to 9.4×10^-3 when the plasma particle radius is 10 μm and the transmission distance is 200 km. It follows that QEFC can effectively improve the link performance of quantum satellite communication systems.