Accurate measurement of higher-order wavefront aberrations helps to improve retinal image quality and has an important clinical value. Wavefront aberrations of human eyes have been measured and the impact of higher-order aberrations on vision has been evaluated in this article. Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor is used to measure the aberrations and the eye's vision is evaluated with modulation transfer function (MTF), contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and Strehl ratio. Visual acuity and CSF values were directly given from wavefront aberrations and the retinal aerial image modulation (AIM) of human eyes. After correcting defocus and astigmatism, the average visual acuity of subjects is 1.0, the CSF value is about 52 for lower frequency (20 c/mm) and about 1 for higher frequency (80 c/mm). After removing the 2nd,3rd and 4th Zernike aberrations, the average acuity reached 1.2, the CSF value is about 96 for lower frequency (20 c/mm) and about 7 for higher frequency (80 c/mm). Different people has its specific aberrations, so different order of aberrations must be corrected to reach the satisfactory imaging. After correcting the 2nd up to 9th Zernike aberrations, the Strehl ratios of three subjects are all in the ideal state and the average value is greater than 0.8.