The point spread function(PSF) is a key parameter to evaluate the performance of microscopes. In conventional microscopes, the closer the distance between PSF and the ideal Airy disk, the better the imaging performance of the system. With the development of computational microscopy imaging technology, the performance of microscopes has been greatly improved in many aspects. Especially, the active manipulation of the PSF of the microscope can significantly improves the performance of the imaging resolution and speed, etc. In this review, the research progress in computational microscopy imaging based on PSF engineering is summarized in terms of principles and methods. Moreover, the problems and challenges are analyzed, and its prospect is also given.