PbSe quantum dot-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PbSe/PMMA QD) fiber material is prepared by using a bulk polymerization method. The crystallization, size and distribution of the PbSe/PMMA are investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the PbSe/PMMA are also observed by an ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer and a fluorescence spectrometer, respectively. Results show that PbSe QD are distributed uniformly in the PMMA basement. The generated QD size increases as the reaction temperature of PbO and Se increases. Strong PL emission is observed in the experiment with full width at half maximum (FWHM) achieving in the range of 100~300 nm, and peak wavelength locating in the range of 1431~2365 nm. Depending closely on the QD size, the Stokes shift of 15~72 nm is observed between the absorption peak and PL peak.