At present, most of the wireless solutions applied in various medical scenarios are based on the conventional radio frequency technology paradigm, which have to face several potential risks, such as electromagnetic interference and medical data leakage. On the other hand, wireless optical technology has many inherent advantages, such as abundant spectrum resources, high security, anti-electromagnetic interference, and no spectrum regulation. Therefore, for sufficiently illustrating the potentialities of this technology, the academia and industry are actively incorporating various wireless optical schemes into electromagnetic sensitive medical scenarios from multiple dimensions. In order to clearly present the state of art of the wireless optical application in medical scenarios, this paper sorted out the medical wireless optical active links, the passive links, the relay links, and the relevant experimental prototypes. In addition, the main technical challenges and potential solutions for the further development of healthcare wireless optical technology are presented.