Health monitoring of the high-voltage transmission line system with the length of 4 km is analyzed by means of fiber Bragg grating (FBG), phase sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) and distributed temperature sensor (DTS) based on Raman scattering. The strain and temperature of the transmission tower and the transmission wire are focused on during the transmission line galloping.104 FBGs, working as strain and temperature sensors, are installed on one of the power towers. Based on the communication fibers in the optical fiber composite over-head ground wire(OPGW), Φ-OTDR and DTS technologies are used to monitor the galloping of the transmission line. These three kinds of optical fiber sensing schemes are complementary to each other and the health monitoring of the power transmission system is realized.