• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 60, Issue 1, 0130005 (2023)
Yongkang Li, Jingqi Lu*, and Bing Jiang
Author Affiliations
  • School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP220508 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Yongkang Li, Jingqi Lu, Bing Jiang. Detection of Cadmium in Sunscreen Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technology[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(1): 0130005 Copy Citation Text show less
    Diagram of LIBS experimental setup
    Fig. 1. Diagram of LIBS experimental setup
    Sunscreen film sample preparation diagram
    Fig. 2. Sunscreen film sample preparation diagram
    Spectral comparison between the film sample and a clean slide
    Fig. 3. Spectral comparison between the film sample and a clean slide
    Relationship between cadmium line intensity and SNR and film thickness. (a) Cd Ⅱ 214.44 nm; (b) Cd Ⅱ 226.50 nm; (c) Cd Ⅰ 228.80 nm
    Fig. 4. Relationship between cadmium line intensity and SNR and film thickness. (a) Cd Ⅱ 214.44 nm; (b) Cd Ⅱ 226.50 nm; (c) Cd Ⅰ 228.80 nm
    Calculating fitting curve of plasma temperature of thin film sample
    Fig. 5. Calculating fitting curve of plasma temperature of thin film sample
    Cd spectral intensity map of four substrates
    Fig. 6. Cd spectral intensity map of four substrates
    Linear fitting of Cd spectral line intensity. (a) Cd Ⅱ 214.44 nm; (b) Cd Ⅱ 226.50 nm; (c) Cd Ⅰ 228.80 nm
    Fig. 7. Linear fitting of Cd spectral line intensity. (a) Cd Ⅱ 214.44 nm; (b) Cd Ⅱ 226.50 nm; (c) Cd Ⅰ 228.80 nm
    SampleS1S2S3S4S5S6S7T1T2T3
    Mass ratio /(μg·g-151020305060804070100
    Table 1. Mass ratio of Cd element in sunscreen samples
    Base materialWavelength /nmPlasma temperature /K
    GlassSi Ⅰ 243.51,Si Ⅰ 263.13,Si Ⅰ 298.76,and Si Ⅰ 390.558473
    ZnZn Ⅱ 250.20,Zn Ⅱ 255.79,Zn Ⅱ 257.07,and Zn Ⅱ 276.407329
    AlAl Ⅰ 221.01,Al Ⅰ 226.91,Al Ⅰ 256.80,Al Ⅰ 257.51,Al Ⅰ 265.25,Al Ⅰ 266.04,Al Ⅰ 308.22,and Al Ⅰ 309.276149
    CeramicsSi Ⅰ 243.51,Si Ⅰ 263.13,Si Ⅰ 298.76,and Si Ⅰ 390.554620
    Table 2. Comparison of plasma temperature under different substrates
    Wavelength /nmR2Standard deviationLOD /(μg·g-1
    Cd Ⅱ 214.440.98852.342.17
    Cd Ⅱ 226.500.97969.662.72
    Cd Ⅰ 228.800.97960.313.93
    Table 3. Comparison of LOD values obtained from different Cd spectral lines
    TypeWavelength /nmProcessLOD /(μg·g-1Reference
    LipstickCd Ⅰ 361.10Froze2.0015
    SoapCr Ⅰ 425.43Press2.3027
    SunscreenCd Ⅱ 214.44Film2.17Proposed
    Table 4. Comparison of different cosmetic pretreatment methods and their results
    GFAAS detection value/(μg·g-1Cd Ⅱ 214.44 nmCd Ⅱ 226.50 nmCd Ⅰ 228.80 nm
    LIBS predicted value/(μg·g-1RE /%LIBS predicted value/(μg·g-1RE /%LIBS predicted value/(μg·g-1RE /%
    42.0841.431.5442.701.4742.581.19
    71.2774.053.9075.796.3473.042.48
    96.84102.495.83100.954.2497.750.94
    Table 5. Comparison of GFAAS detected value and LIBS predicted value of film samples
    Yongkang Li, Jingqi Lu, Bing Jiang. Detection of Cadmium in Sunscreen Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technology[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(1): 0130005
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