The pollution of atmospheric particulate matter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region is very serious, which has an impact on the climate, environment, and human health. To quickly and accurately evaluate particulate pollution in the BTH region using remote sensing technology, this article verifies the accuracy of the global 1 km resolution MCD19A2 aerosol optical depth (AOD) product released by NASA and analyzes its reliability in the BTH region. At the same time, the correlation between the AOD product and the air quality index (AQI) is analyzed to explore the indication function for air pollution. The spatial distribution data of MCD19A2 AOD and the measured data of aerosol robotic network (AERONET) in the BTH region from 2014 to 2018 are obtained for validation, and the two types of data are processed by space-time transformation to achieve accurate matching. Validation results show that MCD19A2 products have achieved higher accuracy and stability in the BTH region. It's correlation coefficient, root mean square error, mean absolute error, and within expected errors are 0.9504, 0.1243, 0.0863, and 82.26%, respectively. Based on AOD results at different scales, correlation analysis performed with AQI data suggests higher correlation, which indicates that the MCD19A2 data has a direct indication of air pollution. This study can provide some references for the research of aerosol characteristics and air quality monitoring.