Author Affiliations
1南京信息工程大学数学与统计学院, 江苏 南京 2100442南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水开放重点实验室, 江苏 南京 2100443国家卫星气象中心中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室, 北京 100081show less
Fig. 1. Scatterplots of Taklimakan Desert in January 24. (a) Scatterplots of land surface emissivity and soil moisture of 0.07 m under the surface; (b) scatterplots of land surface emissivity and soil moisture of 0.28 m under the surface
Fig. 2. Technology road map
Fig. 3. Distribution of Taklimakan Desert
Fig. 4. Objective function value of linear retrieval model with 2 factors and 4 factors changes with the number of iterations
Fig. 5. Brightness temperature box-plot of retrieval area in January
Fig. 6. Spatial distribution of observed brightness temperature and simulated brightness temperatures at three different land surface emissivities in Taklimakan Desert area in January 18. (a)Tobs; (b)Told; (c)T2v; (d)T4v
Fig. 7. Deviation spatial distribution of observed brightness temperature and simulated brightness temperature at three different land surface emissivities in Taklimakan Desert area in January 18. (a) Tobs-Told; (b) Tobs-T2v; (c) Tobs-T4v
Fig. 8. Spatial distribution of observed brightness temperature and simulated brightness temperatures at three different land surface emissivities in Taklimakan Desert area in January 29. (a) Tobs; (b) Told; (c) T2v; (d) T4v
Fig. 9. Deviation spatial distribution of observed brightness temperature and simulated brightness temperature at three different land surface emissivities in Taklimakan Desert area in January 29. (a) Tobs-Told; (b) Tobs-T2v; (c) Tobs-T4v
Channel characteristic | Frequency /GHz |
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10.65 | 18.7 | 23.8 | 36.5 | 89 |
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Polarization | V,H | V,H | V,H | V,H | V,H | Bandwidth /MHz | 180 | 200 | 400 | 900 | 4600 | Beam width /(°) | 2.3 | 1.35 | 1.22 | 0.81 | 0.41 | Sensitivity /K | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | Calibration accuracy /K | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | Ground resolution≤ / (km×km) | 51×85 | 30×50 | 27×45 | 18×30 | 9×15 | Scanning mode | Conical scanning | Scan width /km | 1400 | Antenna angle of view /(°) | 45±0.1 | Scanning period /s | 17±0.1 | Scanning period error /ms | 0.34 (adjacent scan lines), 1 (within 30 min) |
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Table 1. Microwave imager data and channel characteristics
Data | Scanningpoints beforeelimination | Number ofscan pointsremoved | Remainingscan points |
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07 | 279 | 7 | 272 | 13 | 285 | 2 | 283 | 17 | 301 | 3 | 298 | 18 | 279 | 3 | 276 | 24 | 293 | 2 | 291 |
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Table 2. Statistics of non-clear sky scanning points for 5-day in retrieval area in January
Linearretrieval model | Tobs and Told | Tobs and T2v | Tobs and T4v |
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Averagederivation /K | Deviation standarddeviation /K | Averagederivation /K | Deviation standarddeviation /K | Averagederivation /K | Deviation standarddeviation /K |
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2 factors | 2.0091 | 1.2392 | 1.1324 | 1.1171 | - | - | 4 factors | 2.0091 | 1.2392 | - | - | 0.9919 | 0.9762 |
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Table 3. Average deviation and deviation standard deviation of linear retrieval model with 2 factors and 4 factors in January