Transmission Characteristics of Blue-green Laser Through Two-Dimensional Dynamic Sea Surface-Bubble Layer

Mingjun Wang; Yuhang Wang; Dan Chen; Jialin Zhang; Jianqing Li

doi:10.3788/AOS202242.0214001

[1] Feng S Z, Li F Q, Li S J[M]. Introduction to marine science(2010).

[2] Karp S. Optical communications between underwater and above surface (satellite) terminals[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 24, 66-81(1976).

[3] Wiener T F, Karp S. The role of blue/green laser systems in strategic submarine communications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 28, 1602-1607(1980).

[4] Wu X J, Wang H X, Li B F et al. Affect analysis of atmospheric turbulence on fading characteristics in free-space optical system over different environments[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 42, 0513001(2015).

[5] Ke X Z, Deng L J[M]. Optic wireless communication(2016).

[6] Duntley S Q. Light in the sea[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 53, 214-233(1963).

[7] Stramski D. Gas microbubbles: an assessment of their significance to light scattering in quiescent seas[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2258, 704-710(1994).

[8] Zhang X, Lewis M, Johnson B. Influence of bubbles on scattering of light in the ocean[J]. Applied Optics, 37, 6525-6536(1998).

[9] Christensen M, Zhang J, Reid J S et al. A theoretical study of the effect of subsurface oceanic bubbles on the enhanced aerosol optical depth band over the southern oceans as detected from MODIS and MISR[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8, 2149-2160(2015).

[10] Yang Y, Guo L X. Parallel Monte Carlo simulation algorithm for the spectral reflectance and transmittance of the wind-generated bubble layers in the upper ocean using CUDA[J]. Optics Express, 28, 33538-33555(2020).

[11] Chen M F, Fung A K. A numerical study of the regions of validity of the Kirchhoff and small-perturbation rough surface scattering models[J]. Radio Science, 23, 163-170(1988).

[12] Wang M, Liu W T, Wang J H. Analysis of signal energy transmission in blue-green laser uplink propagation model[J]. Journal of East China Shipbuilding Institute (Natural Science Edition), 17, 38-41(2003).

[13] Si L H, Ao F L, He N. Behavior analysis of laser beam traversing the sea surface[J]. Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology, 26, 430-433(2006).

[14] Liang Y, Guo L X. Study of the electromagnetic scattering from the rough sea surface with bubbles/foams by the modified two-scale method[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 58, 6158-6166(2009).

[15] Zhang X H, Zhang S, Sun C S. Modeling of Gaussian laser beam reflection from rough sea surface[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 65, 144204(2016).

[16] Li X Z, Miao X C, Qi X et al. Laser atmosphere-seawater channel transmission characteristics under complicated sea conditions[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 38, 0301002(2018).

[17] Qi X, Han X E. Study of laser scattering characteristics of rough sea surface with foams[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 35, 0829003(2015).

[18] Dong L W, Li N, Xie X H et al. A fast analysis method for blue-green laser transmission through the sea surface[J]. Sensors, 20, 1758(2020).

[19] Hasselmann D E, Dunckel M, Ewing J A. Directional wave spectra observed during JONSWAP 1973[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 10, 1264-1280(1980).

[20] Brüning C, Alpers W, Hasselmann K. Monte-Carlo simulation studies of the nonlinear imaging of a two dimensional surface wave field by a synthetic aperture radar[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11, 1695-1727(1990).

[21] Su D Z, Wu S Y, Liu L et al. Ocean wave spectrum modeling-based sea surface polarization simulation[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 58, 1411001(2021).

[22] F. T, Ulaby F T, Moore R K[M]. 乌拉比,R. K. 穆尔. 微波遥感(第2卷雷达遥感和面目标散射、辐射理论), 297-304(1987).

[M]. Microwave remote sensing (volume II radar remote sensing and surface scattering and emission theory), 297-304(1987).

[23] Zedel L, Farmer D. Organized structures in subsurface bubble clouds: Langmuir circulation in the open ocean[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96, 8889-8900(1991).

[24] Czerski H, Twardowski M, Zhang X et al. 116(C7): C00H11[J]. acoustical methods. Journal of Geophysical Research(2011).

[25] Sihvola A H, Kong J A. Effective permittivity of dielectric mixtures[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 26, 420-429(1988).

[26] Stramski D, Tegowski J. Effects of intermittent entrainment of air bubbles by breaking wind waves on ocean reflectance and underwater light field[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, 31345-31360(2001).

[27] Ainslie M A. Effect of wind-generated bubbles on fixed range acoustic attenuation in shallow water at 1--4 kHz[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 118, 3513-3523(2005).

[28] Jin W. Bubbles in the near-surface ocean: a general description[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, 587-590(1988).