Author Affiliations
1School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China2School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China3School of Artificial Intelligence, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. PSD inversion results of 223 nm unimodal aerosol under different noise levels. (a) 0; (b) 10-5; (c) 10-3
Fig. 2. PSD inversion results of 687 nm unimodal aerosol under different noise levels. (a) 0; (b) 10-5; (c) 10-3
Fig. 3. PSD inversion results of 152/734 nm bimodal aerosol under different noise levels. (a) 0; (b) 10-5; (c) 10-3
Fig. 4. Experimental device for aerosol measurement
Fig. 5. Experimental results. (a) Intensity ACF and (b) inversion results of aerosol at different flow velocities
Fig. 6. Condition number of kernel matrix corresponding to 687 nm aerosol at different flow velocities
Fig. 7. PSI distributions of a 687 nm unimodal aerosol in corresponding ACF at different flow velocities
Fig. 8. Simulated ACF of unimodal aerosols with different particle sizes at flow velocity of 2.1 m/s. (a) 223 nm; (b) 458 nm; (c) 687 nm
Fig. 9. Relationship among aerosol particle size, flow velocity,and diffusion translation characteristic time ratio
P /nm | a1 | μ1 | σ1 | a2 | μ2 | σ2 | (dmin,dmax) /nm |
---|
223 | 1.00 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 0 | - | - | (2.01,700.01) | 687 | 1.00 | 3.0 | 5.3 | 0 | - | - | (400.01,1200.01) | 152/734 | 0.35 | 9.8 | 5.7 | 0.65 | -4.8 | 4.8 | (2.01,1000.01) |
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Table 1. Parameters and properties of the simulated PSDs
P /nm | Velocity /(m·s-1) | 0 | 10-5 | 10-3 |
---|
P /nm | EP | EF | P /nm | EP | EF | P /nm | EP | EF |
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223 | 0 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.032 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.037 | 229 | 0.027 | 0.043 | 0.3 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.032 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.053 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.058 | 0.6 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.031 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.072 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.080 | 0.9 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.045 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.105 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.099 | 1.2 | 223 | 0.000 | 0.066 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.080 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.119 | 1.5 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.093 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.107 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.134 | 1.8 | 217 | 0.027 | 0.103 | 211 | 0.054 | 0.117 | 211 | 0.054 | 0.145 | 2.1 | 206 | 0.076 | 0.133 | 211 | 0.054 | 0.117 | 206 | 0.076 | 0.155 | 687 | 0 | 687 | 0.000 | 0.027 | 687 | 0.000 | 0.037 | 680 | 0.010 | 0.058 | 0.3 | 680 | 0.010 | 0.083 | 680 | 0.010 | 0.094 | 680 | 0.010 | 0.083 | 0.6 | 667 | 0.029 | 0.128 | 680 | 0.010 | 0.086 | 673 | 0.020 | 0.127 | 0.9 | 660 | 0.039 | 0.167 | 660 | 0.039 | 0.166 | 660 | 0.039 | 0.169 | 1.2 | 640 | 0.068 | 0.183 | 647 | 0.058 | 0.189 | 627 | 0.087 | 0.186 | 1.5 | 647 | 0.058 | 0.185 | - | - | 0.209 | - | - | 0.208 | 1.8 | 633 | 0.079 | 0.193 | - | - | 0.211 | - | - | 0.208 | 2.1 | 613 | 0.108 | 0.197 | - | - | 0.205 | - | - | 0.199 |
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Table 2. Performance indices of the recovery of unimodal aerosol
Velocity /(m·s-1) | 0 | 10-5 | 10-3 |
---|
P /nm | EP | EF | P /nm | EP | EF | P /nm | EP | EF |
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0 | 127/684 | 0.164/0.068 | 0.139 | 127/692 | 0.164/0.057 | 0.124 | 93/601 | 0.388/0.181 | 0.321 | 0.3 | 118/667 | 0.224/0.091 | 0.169 | 127/667 | 0.164/0.091 | 0.155 | 77/559 | 0.493/0.238 | 0.318 | 0.6 | 110/617 | 0.276/0.159 | 0.221 | 110/601 | 0.276/0.181 | 0.212 | 60/509 | 0.605/0.307 | 0.306 | 0.9 | 93/568 | 0.388/0.226 | 0.197 | 93/543 | 0.388/0.260 | 0.199 | 60/484 | 0.605/0.341 | 0.261 | 1.2 | 77/518 | 0.507/0.294 | 0.176 | 77/501 | 0.493/0.317 | 0.176 | -/434 | -/0.409 | 0.229 | 1.5 | 85/501 | 0.441/0.317 | 0.175 | 77/501 | 0.493/0.317 | 0.179 | -/401 | -/0.454 | 0.258 | 1.8 | 69/435 | 0.546/0.407 | 0.180 | 69/451 | 0.546/0.386 | 0.179 | -/376 | -/0.488 | 0.257 | 2.1 | 69/360 | 0.546/0.510 | 0.176 | -/326 | -/0.556 | 0.174 | -/360 | -/0.510 | 0.258 |
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Table 3. Performance indices of 152/734 nm bimodal aerosol inversion results
Velocity /(m·s-1) | P /nm | EP0 | EF0 |
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0 | 143/742 | 0.000/0.000 | 0.000 | 0.5 | 102/667 | 0.287/0.101 | 0.099 | 0.7 | 85/534 | 0.406/0.280 | 0.167 | 1.1 | 35/- | 0.755/- | 0.154 |
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Table 4. Performance indices of aerosol inversion at different flow velocities