Grating Writing in Structured Optical Fibers

John CANNING; Nathaniel GROOTHOFF; Kevin COOK; Michael STEVENSON; John HOLDSWORTH; Matthieu LANCRY; Bertrand POUMELLEC

doi:10.1007/s13320-010-0002-3

[1] Bjarklev, J. Broeng, and A. S. Bjarklev, Photonic Crystal Fibers, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

[2] J. Canning, “Fresnel Optics Inside Optical Fibers,” in Photonics Research Developments, New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008, Chap. 5.

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[6] C. Martelli, J. Canning, B. Gibson, and S. Huntington, “Cryptography based on Coherent Scattering of Light,” in Conference on the Optical Internet/Australian Conference on Optical Fiber Technology, Technical Digest (CD) (Engineers Australia, 2007), paper CWe32, 2007.

[7] H. Sorensen, J. Canning, J. Lagsgaard, K. Hansen, and P. Varming, “Liquid filling of photonic crystal fibers for grating writing,” Opt. Comm., vol. 270, no. 2, pp. 207-210, 2007.

[8] N. Groothoff, J. Canning, N. Jovanovic, G. D. Marshall, and M. J. Withford, “Gratings in Large Diameter Air-Clad Optical Fiber Using a Femtosecond Laser,” in Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2007), paper BWC3, 2007.

[9] N. Groothoff, N. Jovanovic, G. D. Marshall, J. Canning, and M. J. Withford, “Femtosecond Laser Writing of Fiber Bragg Gratings in Large Diameter Air-clad Optical Fiber”, Glass Tech.: The European J. of Glass Sci. & Tech. Part A, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 75-78, 2009.

[10] H. Sorensen, J. B. Jensen, F. Bruyere, and K. P. Hansen, “Practical hydrogen loading of air silica fibers,” presented at Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling, Sydney, Australia, July 4-9, 2005.

[11] A. Pohl, K. Cook, and J. Canning, “Bragg grating writing in H2-loaded many-layered PCF without liquid filling of the holes”, presented at Australian Conference on Optical Fiber Technology & Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (ACOFT/OECC 08), Darling Harbour, Sydney, 2008.

[12] V. Beugin, L. Bigot, P. Niay, M. Lancry, Y. Quiquempois, M. Douay, G. Mélin, A. Fleureau, S. Lempereur, and L. Gasca, “Efficient Bragg gratings in phosphosilicate and germanosilicate photonic crystal fiber,” Appl. Opt., vol. 45, no. 32, pp. 8186-8193, 2006.

[13] K. Cook, A. Pohl, and J. Canning, “Positive and Negative Index Gratings in 10-ring photonic crystal fibers with germanosilicate cores using 193 nm,” presented at Australian Conference on Optical Fiber Technology & Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (ACOFT/OECC 08), Darling Harbour, Sydney, 2008.

[14] K. Cook, A. Pohl, and J. Canning, “High-temperature type IIa gratings in 12-ring photonic crystal fiber with germanosilicate,” J. European Opt. Soc., vol. 3, pp. 08031, 2008.

[15] J. Canning, J. H. Holdsworth, and C. Dewhurst, “Rotational dependence of laser light accessing photonic crystal fiber cores from the side,” SPIE, vol. 7004, #70041L— 19th International Conf. on Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS 2008), (Ed. D. Sampson, S. Collins, K. Oh, R. Yamauchi Perth), Australia, 2008.

[16] J. Holdsworth, S. Bandyopadhyay, J. Canning, M. Stevenson, and J. de Iuliis, “Transversally illuminating the core of a photonic crystal fibers,” presented at Australian Conference on Optical Fiber Technology & Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (ACOFT/OECC 08), Darling Harbour, Sydney, 2008.

[17] J. Holdsworth, K. Cook, J. Canning, S. Bandyopadhyay, and M. Stevenson, “Rotationally Variant Grating Writing in Photonic Crystal Fibers,” The Open Opt. J., vol. 3, pp. 19-23, 2009.

[18] K. Cook, J. Canning, and J. Holdsworth, “Birefringent gratings in highly nonlinear photonic crystal fibers,” presented at Asia-Pacific Optical Fiber Sensors (APOS) Conference, Chengdu, China, 2008.

[19] A. Michie, J. Canning, K. Lyytikainen, M. Aslund, and J. Digweed, “Temperature independent highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber,” Opt. Express, vol. 12, no. 21, pp. 5160-5165, 2004.

[20] A. Michie, J. Canning, I. Bassett, J. Haywood, K. Digweed, A. Lau, D. Scandurra, M. Aslund, B. Ashton, M. Stevenson, and J. Digweed, “Spun elliptically birefringent photonic crystal fiber,” Opt. Express, vol. 15, no. 4, pp1811-1816, 2007.

[21] N. Groothoff, J. Canning, K. Lyytikainen, and J. Zagari, “Gratings in air-silica structured fiber,” Opt. Lett., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 233-235, 2003.

[22] J. Canning, N. Groothoff, E. Buckley, T. Ryan, K. Lyytikainen, and J. Digweed, “All-Fiber Photonic Crystal Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) Fiber Laser,” Opt. Express, vol. 11, no. 17, pp. 1995-2000, 2003.

[23] N. Groothoff, J. Canning, T. Ryan, K. Lyytikainen, and H. Inglis, “Distributed feedback photonic crystal fiber (DFB-PCF) laser,” Opt. Express, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 2924-2930, 2005.

[24] N. Groothoff, C. Martelli, and J. Canning, “A dual wavelength distributed feedback fiber laser,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 103, pp. 013101, 2008.

[25] N. Groothoff, M. Lancry, B. Poumellec, and J. Canning, “193nm Photolytic Mechanism in Er/Al Doped Silica,” presented at Australian Conference on Optical Fiber Technology & Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (ACOFT/OECC 08), Darling Harbour, Sydney, 2008.

[26] M. Lancry, N. Groothoff, B. Poumellec, and J. Canning, “Photo-induced densification in Er3+/Al doped silica preform plates using 193nm laser light,” Applied Physics B, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 589-597, 2009.

[27] C. Martelli, J. Canning, M. Kristensen, and N. Groothoff, “Impact of water and ice 1h formation in a photonic crystal fiber grating,” Opt. Lett., vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 706-708, 2006.

[28] S. J. Mihailov, D. Grobnic, H. Ding, C.W. Smelser, and J. Broeng, “Femtosecond IR laser fabrication of Bragg gratings in photonic crystal fibers and tapers,” IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett., vol. 18, no. 17, pp. 1837-1839, 2006.

[29] C. Smelser, S. Mihailov, and D. Grobnic, “Formation of Type I-IR and Type II-IR gratings with an ultrafast IR laser and a phase mask,” Opt. Express, vol. 13, no. 14, pp. 5377-5386, 2005.

[30] E. Bricchi and P. Kazansky, “Extraordinary stability of anisotropic femtosecond direct-written structures embedded in silica glass,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 88, pp. 111119, 2006.

[31] B. Poumellec and M. Lancry, “Damage Thresholds in Femtosecond Laser Processing of Silica: A Review,” presented at Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America), 2010.

[32] J. Canning, S. Jackson, M. Aslund, B. Ashton, and K. Lyytikainen, “Air-clad fiber laser with internal grating as feedback element,” Electron. Lett., vol. 41, no. 20, pp. 1103-1104, 2005.

[33] M. Lancry, N. Groothoff, S. Guizard, B. Poumellec, P. G. Kazansky, and J. Canning, “Influence of pure silica OH content on femtosecond laser processing,” presented at Proceedings of 7th symposium on SiO2, advanced dielectrics and related devices, Saint-Etienne, France, 2008.

[34] M. Lancry, N. Groothoff, S. Guizard, W. Yang, B. Poumellec, P. G. Kazansky, and J. Canning, “Femtosecond laser direct processing in wet and dry silica glass,” J. of Non-Crystalline Sol., vol. 355, no. 18-21, pp. 1057-1061, 2009.

[35] J. Canning, “Fiber Gratings and Devices for Sensors and Lasers,” Lasers and Photonics Reviews, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 275-289, 2008.

[36] S. J. Mihailov, D. Grobnic, C. W. Smelser, P. Lu, R. B. Walker, and H. Ding, “Fiber Bragg grating inscription using infrared femtosecond pulsed lasers,” in Trends in Photonics (Ed. J. Canning), 2010, Chap. 4.