• Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Vol. 42, Issue 2, 647 (2022)
Zhong-hua ZHANG1,*, Wei-kuan JIA1,1; 2; *;, Wen-jing SHAO1,1;, Su-juan HOU1,1;..., Ze Ji3,3;, Yuan-jie ZHENG1,1; and 3,3;|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 11. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250358, China
  • 33. School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
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    DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2022)02-0647-07 Cite this Article
    Zhong-hua ZHANG, Wei-kuan JIA, Wen-jing SHAO, Su-juan HOU, Ze Ji, Yuan-jie ZHENG, [in Chinese]. Green Apple Detection Based on Optimized FCOS in Orchards[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2022, 42(2): 647 Copy Citation Text show less
    Green apple images in orchard environment
    Fig. 1. Green apple images in orchard environment
    Examples of different types of image enhancement
    Fig. 2. Examples of different types of image enhancement
    FCOS network structure diagram
    Fig. 3. FCOS network structure diagram
    (a) Top-down pathway; (b) bottom-up pathway
    Fig. 4. (a) Top-down pathway; (b) bottom-up pathway
    Optimized FCOS nerwork
    Fig. 5. Optimized FCOS nerwork
    Coordinate mapping
    Fig. 6. Coordinate mapping
    Centerness* value change
    Fig. 7. Centerness* value change
    Loss value curve (a) and AP value curve (b)
    Fig. 8. Loss value curve (a) and AP value curve (b)
    Detection effect of the model in different interference scenes
    Fig. 9. Detection effect of the model in different interference scenes
    Detection effect images of 5 detectors in different complex scenes
    Fig. 10. Detection effect images of 5 detectors in different complex scenes
    MetricAPAPIoU=0.5APsamllAPmediumAPlargeARARsamllARmediumARlargeParamsFLOPs
    Value85.6%90.0%30.7%73.6%87.6%87.6%46.3%81.2%89.4%32.0 M47.5 G
    Table 1. Evaluation results of FCOS network
    MethodsMetrics
    AP
    /%
    AR
    /%
    Params
    /M
    FLOPs
    /G
    two-stage anchor-based
    Faster R-CNN84.786.741.560.0
    one-stage anchor-based
    SSD51275.178.424.480.5
    RetinaNet83.184.736.148.4
    one-stage anchor-free
    FSAF83.784.836.048.0
    ours
    FCOS85.687.632.047.5
    Table 2. Detection results of different models
    Zhong-hua ZHANG, Wei-kuan JIA, Wen-jing SHAO, Su-juan HOU, Ze Ji, Yuan-jie ZHENG, [in Chinese]. Green Apple Detection Based on Optimized FCOS in Orchards[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2022, 42(2): 647
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