• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 7, Issue 6, 678 (2019)
Alexei V. Balakin1、2, Jean-Louis Coutaz3, Vladimir A. Makarov1、2, Igor A. Kotelnikov4、5, Yan Peng1, Peter M. Solyankin1、6, Yiming Zhu1、7, and Alexander P. Shkurinov1、2、8
Author Affiliations
  • 1Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
  • 2Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
  • 3IMEP-LAHC, UMR CNRS 5130, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Campus scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France
  • 4Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
  • 5Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
  • 6Institute on Laser and Information Technologies–Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Svyatoozerskaya 1, Shatura 140700, Russia
  • 7e-mail: ymzhu@usst.edu.cn
  • 8e-mail: ashkurinov@physics.msu.ru
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.7.000678 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Alexei V. Balakin, Jean-Louis Coutaz, Vladimir A. Makarov, Igor A. Kotelnikov, Yan Peng, Peter M. Solyankin, Yiming Zhu, Alexander P. Shkurinov. Terahertz wave generation from liquid nitrogen[J]. Photonics Research, 2019, 7(6): 678 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    We present the results of research carried out for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, on the generation of terahertz radiation under the action of “single-color” and “dual-color” high-power femtosecond laser pulses on liquefied gas–liquid nitrogen. Our experimental results supported by careful theoretical interpretation showed clearly that under femtosecond laser radiation, liquid and air emit terahertz waves in a very different way. We assumed that the mobility of ions and electrons in liquid can play an essential role, forming a quasi-static electric field by means of ambipolar diffusion mechanism.
    Ex=Eωcos(ωt)+E2ωcos(2ωt+ϕ),Ey=0,Ez=0,(1)

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    net=(nfne)w(E),(2)

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    w(E)=4ωaEaEexp(2Ea3E12EEa),(3)

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    dvdt=emE.(4)

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    Vx(t0)=vω2[μsin(2ωt0+ϕ)2sin(ωt0)].(5)

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    tJ(t)=eV(t)tne(t)eV(t)nfw[E(t)],(6)

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    E=Tenene.(7)

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    Pi(3)(ωq)=χijkl(3)(ωq;ωm,ωn,ωr)Ej(ωm)Ek(ωn)El(ωr),(8)

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    χijkl(3)=Aδijδkl+Bδikδjl+Cδilδjk.(9)

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    A=B=C=(mnr)bnfe4/me3G(ωq)G(ωm)G(ωn)G(ωr),(10)

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    χ(3)e4nfme3ω06d2,(11)

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    Pi(3)(Ω)=χijkl(3)(Ω;2ω,ω,ω)Ej*(2ω)Ek(ω)El(ω)+χijkl(3)(Ω;0,ω,ω)Ej(0)Ek(ω)El*(ω)+χijkl(3)(Ω;0,2ω,2ω)Ej(0)Ek(2ω)El*(2ω),(12)

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    χijkl(3)(Ω,Ω,nω,nω)χijkl(3)(Ω,2ω,ω,ω)nω2Ω21,(13)

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    Alexei V. Balakin, Jean-Louis Coutaz, Vladimir A. Makarov, Igor A. Kotelnikov, Yan Peng, Peter M. Solyankin, Yiming Zhu, Alexander P. Shkurinov. Terahertz wave generation from liquid nitrogen[J]. Photonics Research, 2019, 7(6): 678
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