Author Affiliations
1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049, China2Ningxia Vovational Technical College of Industry and Commerce, Yinchuan , Ningxia 750021, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Diagram of laser cladding
Fig. 2. Schematic of micro-shear experimental apparatus
Fig. 3. Main parameters related to cladding layer cross-section
Fig. 4. Cladding tracks formed at constant powder heat absorption rate and variable scanning rates as well as constant scanning rate and variable powder heat absorption rates
Fig. 5. Geometrical morphologies of cladding bead cross-section formed at constant powder heat absorption rate and variable scanning rates
Fig. 6. Variations of cross-section size of cladding bead formed at constant powder heat absorption rate and variable scanning rates
Fig. 7. Microhardness distribution of cladding beads formed at constant powder heat absorption rate and variable scanning rates
Fig. 8. Geometrical morphologies of cladding bead cross-section formed at constant scanning speed and variable powder heat absorption rates
Fig. 9. Variations of cross-section size of cladding bead formed at constant scanning speed and variable powder heat absorption rates
Fig. 10. Microhardness distribution of cladding bead formed at constant scanning speed and variable powder heat absorption rates
Fig. 11. Microshear test results with and without dilution rate. (a) Microshear test points; (b) tested interface bonding strength and shear strength
Element | C | Ni | Cr | Si | B | V | Fe |
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Mass fraction /% | 0.12 | 2.46 | 16.87 | 0.77 | 0.64 | 0.22 | Bal. |
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Table 1. Chemical composition of new martensitic stainless steel 12Cr17Ni2B
Element | C | Ni | Cr | Si | V | Mn | Cu | Mo | Fe |
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Mass fraction /% | 0.38-0.43 | 1.65-2.0 | 0.70-0.95 | 1.45-1.80 | 0.05-0.10 | 0.60-0.90 | ≤0.35 | 0.30-0.50 | Bal. |
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Table 2. Nominal composition of 300M steel
| Constant powder heat absorption rate | Constant scanning rate |
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No. | Power /kW | Powder feed rate /(g·min-1) | Scanning rate /(mm·min-1) | | No. | Power /kW | Powder feed rate /(g·min-1) | Scanning rate /(mm·min-1) | R1 | 1.7 | 13.1 | 350 | | P1 | 1.1 | | | R2 | 420 | | P2 | 1.2 | | | R3 | 840 | | P3 | 1.25 | 13.1 | 1680 | R4 | 1260 | | P4 | 1.3 | R5 | 1680 | | P5 | 1.4 | | | R6 | 2100 | | P6 | 1.5 | | | R7 | 2520 | | | | | | R8 | 2940 | | | | | |
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Table 3. Single factor experimental process parameters
No. | Process parameter | Geometrical size |
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Power /kW | Powder feed rate /(g·min-1) | Scanning rate /(mm·min-1) | | Tc /μm | W /μm | Contact angle /(°) | Tp /μm | W/Tc | Ap /(Ac+Ap) /% |
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R1 | 1.7 | 13.1 | 350 | | 1708.8 | 3182.5 | 40.1 | 778. 6 | 1.9 | 5.9 | R2 | 420 | | 1533.0 | 3349.2 | 42.2 | 742.9 | 2.2 | 14.2 | R3 | 840 | | 890.1 | 2865.1 | 36.1 | 635.7 | 3.2 | 19.4 | R4 | 1260 | | 620.9 | 2317.5 | 29.2 | 550.0 | 3.7 | 21.4 | R5 | 1680 | | 461.5 | 2159.5 | 27.2 | 414.3 | 4.7 | 25.9 | R6 | 2100 | | 362.6 | 2119.8 | 26.7 | 400.0 | 5.8 | 26.7 | R7 | 2520 | | 335.2 | 2150.8 | 27.1 | 378. 6 | 6.4 | 36.5 | R8 | 2940 | | 274.7 | 1793.7 | 22.6 | 342. 9 | 6.5 | 29.5 |
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Table 4. Geometrical sizes of cladding bead formed at constant powder heat absorption rate and variable scanning rates
No. | Process parameter | | Geometrical size |
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Power /kW | Powder feed rate /(g·min-1) | Scanning rate /(mm·min-1) | Tc /μm | W / μm | Contact angle /(°) | Tp /μm | W /Tc | Ap /(Ac+Ap) /% |
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P1 | 1.1 | 13.1 | 1680 | | 351.9 | 1506.2 | 41.5 | 365.2 | 4.3 | 1.9 | P2 | 1.2 | | 309.5 | 1660.7 | 45.0 | 324.6 | 5.4 | 11.9 | P3 | 1.25 | | 333.3 | 1801.3 | 43.5 | 352.4 | 5.4 | 11.5 | P4 | 1.3 | | 333.5 | 1816.1 | 38.2 | 324.5 | 5.4 | 23.7 | P5 | 1.4 | | 375.0 | 1694.4 | 56.8 | 303. 6 | 4.5 | 26.0 | P6 | 1.5 | | 386.1 | 1879.7 | 36.3 | 342.2 | 4.9 | 20.5 |
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Table 5. Geometrical size of cladding bead cross-section formed at constant scanning speed and variable powder heat absorption rates