Wavefront coding is a new imaging system based on optical digital mixed techonology. By using the modulating action of the cubic phase mask on the stop, the point spread functions (PSFs) of the system in a certain scope nearby the image surface will be the same; then the sharp image will be acquired by using the image deconvolution algorithm in a certain depth range of the field of the system to extend the depth of field. A novel design method of wavefront coding microscope on the basis of the traditional microscope is proposed. The 10×, 40× wavefront coding microscope system is designed and manufactured. The wavefront coding microscope system based on the traditional microscope system can extend the depth of field and improve the imaging quality effectively.