Tuning magnetic damping constant in dedicated spintronic devices has important scientific and technological implications. Here we report on anisotropic damping in various compositional amorphous CoFeB films grown on GaAs(001) substrates. Measured by a vector network analyzer-ferromagnetic resonance (VNA-FMR) equipment, a giant magnetic damping anisotropy of 385%, i.e., the damping constant increases by about four times, is observed in a 10-nm-thick Co40Fe40B20 film when its magnetization rotates from easy axis to hard axis, accompanied by a large and pure in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (UMA) with its anisotropic field of about 450 Oe. The distinct damping anisotropy is mainly resulted from anisotropic two-magnon-scattering induced by the interface between the ferromagnetic layer and the substrate, which also generates a significant UMA in the film plane.