Silicon-based Anode Materials Applied in High Specific Energy Lithium-ion Batteries: a Review

Yi TAN; Kai WANG

doi:10.15541/jim20180347

[1] B GOODENOUGH J, S PARK K. The Li-ion rechargeable battery: a perspective. Am. Chem. Soc, 135, 1167-1176(2013).

[2] Y TAN, B XUE. Research progress on lithium titanate as anode material in lithium-ion battery. Inorg. Mater, 33, 475-482(2018).

[3] W LUO, X CHEN, Y XIA et al. Surface and interface engineering of silicon-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater, 7(2017).

[4] Z XIAO Q, Y FAN, H WANG X et al. A multilayer Si/CNT coaxial nano fiber LiB anode with a high areal capacity. Energy Environ. Sci, 7, 655-661(2014).

[5] S HUANG, F FAN, J LI et al. Stress generation during lithiation of high-capacity electrode particles in lithium ion batteries. Acta Mater, 61, 4354-4364(2013).

[6] J LI, R DAHN J. An in situ X-ray diffraction study of the reaction of Li with crystalline Si. Electrochem. Soc, 154, A156-A161(2007).

[7] F WANG, J WU L, B KEY et al. Electrochemical reaction of lithium with nanostructure silicon anodes: a study by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Adv. Energy Mater, 3, 1324-1331(2013).

[8] N OBROVAC M, J KRAUSE L. Reversible cycling of crystalline silicon powder. Electrochem. Soc, 154, A103-A108(2007).

[9] N DING, J XU, X YAO Y et al. Improvement of cyclability of Si as anode for Li-ion batteries. Power Sources, 192, 644-651(2009).

[10] A SETHURAMAN V, J CHON M, M SHIMSHAK et al. In situ, measurements of stress evolution in silicon thin films during electrochemical lithiation and delithiation. Power Sources, 195, 5062-5066(2012).

[11] V NADIMPALLI S P, A SETHURAMAN V, G BUCCI et al. On plastic deformation and fracture in Si films during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation cycling. Electrochem. Soc, 160, A1885-A1893(2013).

[12] H GHASSEMI, A MING, N CHEN et al. In situ electrochemical lithiation/delithiation observation of individual amorphous Si nanorods. ACS Nano, 5, 7805-7811(2011).

[13] B LIANG, Y LIU, Y XU. Silicon-based materials as high capacity anodes for next generation lithium ion batteries. Power Sources, 267, 469-490(2014).

[14] S WEN Z, K WANG, Y XIE J. Interface formed on high capacity silicon anode for lithium ion batteries. Inorg. Mater, 22, 437-441(2007).

[15] K CHAN C, R RUFFO, S HONG et al. Surface chemistry and morphology of the solid electrolyte interphase on silicon nanowire lithium-ion battery anodes. Power Sources, 189, 1132-1140(2009).

[16] B KEY, R BHATTACHARYYA, M MORCRETTE et al. Real-time NMR investigations of structural changes in silicon electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. Am. Chem. Soc, 131, 9239-9249(2009).

[17] R JI H, W KIM J, E SUNG Y et al. Failure modes of silicon powder negative electrode in lithium secondary batteries. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett, 7, A306-A309(2004).

[18] L HONG, X HUANG, L CHEN et al. The crystal structural evolution of nano-Si anode caused by lithium insertion and extraction at room temperature. Solid State Ionics, 135, 181-191(2000).

[19] W LIANG J, N LI X, C ZHU Y et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of nano-silicon from a silica sol and its use in lithium ion batteries. Nano Res, 8, 1497-1504(2015).

[20] S KIM W, J CHOI, H HONG S. Meso-porous silicon-coated carbon nanotube as an anode for lithium-ion battery. Nano Lett, 9, 2174-2181(2016).

[21] N ZHOU Y, Z XUE M, W FU Z. Nanostructured thin film electrodes for lithium storage and all-solid-state thin-film lithium batteries. Power Sources, 234, 310-332(2013).

[22] K DATTA M, J MARANCHI, J CHUNG S et al. Amorphous silicon- carbon based nano-scale thin film anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Electrochim. Acta, 56, 4717-4723(2011).

[23] H CHENG, R XIAO, H BIAN et al. Periodic porous silicon thin films with interconnected channels as durable anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Mater. Chem. Phys, 144, 25-30(2014).

[24] Y TONG, Z XU, C LIU et al. Magnetic sputtered amorphous Si/C multilayer thin films as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Power Sources, 247, 78-83(2014).

[25] N LIU, Z LU, J ZHAO et al. A pomegranate-inspired nanoscale design for large-volume-change lithium battery anodes. Nat. Nanotechnol, 9, 187-192(2014).

[26] J XIE, L TONG, L SU et al. Core-shell yolk-shell Si@C@Void@C nanohybrids as advanced lithium ion battery anodes with good electronic conductivity and corrosion resistance. Power Sources, 342, 529-536(2017).

[27] M BANG B, I LEE J, H KIM et al. High-performance macro porous bulk silicon anodes synthesized by template-free chemical etching. Adv. Energy Mater, 2, 878-883(2012).

[28] M GE, Y LU, P ERCIUS et al. Large-scale fabrication, 3D tomography, and lithium-ion battery application of porous silicon. Nano Lett, 14, 261-268(2014).

[29] M GE, J RONG, X FANG et al. Scalable preparation of porous silicon nanoparticles and their application for lithium-ion battery anodes. Nano Res, 6, 174-181(2013).

[30] H TIAN, X TAN, F XIN et al. Micro-sized nano-porous Si/C anodes for lithium ion batteries. Nano Energy, 11, 490-499(2015).

[31] N LIU, H WU, T MCDOWELL M et al. A yolk-shell design for stabilized and scalable Li-ion battery alloy anodes. Nano Lett, 12, 3315-3321(2012).

[32] H KIM, B HAN, J CHOO et al. Three-dimensional porous silicon particles for use in high-performance lithium secondary batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, 47, 10151-10154(2008).

[33] H JIANG, X ZHOU, G LIU et al. Free-standing Si/graphene paper using Si nanoparticles synthesized by acid-etching Al-Si alloy powder for high-stability Li-ion battery anodes. Electrochim. Acta, 188, 777-784(2016).

[34] H WRODNIGG G, M WRODNIGG T, O BESENHARD J et al. Propylene sulfite as film-forming electrolyte additive in lithium ion batteries. Electrochem. Commun, 1, 148-150(1999).

[35] M LI, X HOU, Y SHA et al. Facile spray-drying/pyrolysis synjournal of core-shell structure graphite/silicon-porous carbon composite as a superior anode for Li-ion batteries. Power Sources, 248, 721-728(2014).

[36] Q PAN, P ZUO, S LOU et al. Micro-sized spherical silicon@carbon@graphene prepared by spray drying as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Alloys Compd, 723, 434-440(2017).

[37] P ZUO, G YIN, Y MA et al. Electrochemical stability of silicon/ carbon composite anode for lithium ion batteries. Electrochim. Acta, 52, 4878-4883(2007).

[38] X LI, M GU, S HU et al. Mesoporous silicon sponge as an anti- pulverization structure for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes. Nature Commun, 5(2014).

[39] S KIM J, M HALIM, D BYUN et al. Amorphous carbon-coated prickle-like silicon of micro and nano hybrid anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Solid State Ionics, 260, 36-42(2014).

[40] K MIN K, J BO Y, L JIN S et al. Microstructures and electrochemical performances of nano-sized SiO_x (1.18≤ x ≤1.83) as an anode material for a lithium(Li)-ion battery. Power Sources, 244, 115-121(2013).

[41] H TAKEZAWA, K IWAMOTO, S ITO et al. Electrochemical behaviors of nonstoichiometric silicon suboxides (SiO_x) film prepared by reactive evaporation for lithium rechargeable batteries. Power Sources, 244, 149-157(2013).

[42] K SCHULMEISTER, W MADER. TEM investigation on the structure of amorphous silicon monoxide. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 320, 143-150(2003).

[43] A HOHL, T WIEDER, A V AKEN P et al. An interface clusters mixture model for the structure of amorphous silicon monoxide (SiO). J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 320, 255-280(2003).

[44] P LÜ P, L ZHAO H, J WANG et al. Facile preparation and electrochemical properties of amorphous SiO₂/C composite as anode material for lithium ion batteries. Power Sources, 237, 291-294(2013).

[45] X LIU, L ZHAO H, Y JIE J et al. SiO_x(0<x≤2) based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Prog. Chem, 27, 336-348(2015).

[46] B PHILIPPE, R DEDRYVÈRE, J ALLOUCHE et al. Nanosilicon electrodes for lithium-ion batteries: interfacial mechanisms studied by hard and soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Chem. Mater, 24, 1107-1115(2017).

[47] M PARK C, W CHOI, Y HWA et al. Characterizations and electrochemical behaviors of disproportionate SiO and its composite for rechargeable Li-ion batteries. Mater. Chem, 20, 4854-4860(2010).

[48] T MORITA, N TAKAMI. Nano Si cluster-SiO_x-C composite material as high-capacity anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Electrochem. Soc, 153, A425-A430(2006).

[49] L YANG X, C ZHANG P, Y WEN Z et al. High performance silicon/carbon composite prepared by in situ carbon-thermal reduction for lithium ion batteries. Alloys Compd, 496, 403-406(2010).

[50] W SEONG I, T KIM K, Y YOON W et al. Electrochemical behavior of a lithium-pre-doped carbon-coated silicon monoxide anode cell. Power Sources, 189, 511-514(2009).

[51] J KIM H, S CHOI, J LEE S et al. Controlled prelithiation of silicon monoxide for high performance lithium-ion rechargeable full cells. Nano Lett, 16, 282-288(2016).

[52] A XING, J ZHANG, Z BAO et al. A magnesiothermic reaction process for the scalable production of mesoporous silicon for rechargeable lithium batteries. Chem. Commun, 49, 6743-6745(2013).

[53] C YU B, Y HWA, H KIM J et al. A new approach to synthesis of porous SiO_x, anode for Li-ion batteries via chemical etching of Si crystallites. Electrochim. Acta, 117, 426-430(2014).

[54] J FENG X, J YANG, W LU Q et al. Facile approach to SiO_x/Si/C composite anode material from bulk SiO for lithium ion batteries. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys, 15, 14420-144206(2013).

[55] T YANG, I XIAO L, D TIAN X et al. Preparation and electrochemical performance of Si@C/SiO_x as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Inorg. Mater, 32, 699-704(2017).

[56] H LIU Y, M OKANO, T MUKAI et al. Improvement of thermal stability and safety of lithium ion battery using SiO anode material. Power Sources, 304, 9-14(2016).

[57] T MIYUKI, Y OKUYAMA, T SAKAMOTO et al. Characterization of heat treated SiO powder and development of a LiFePO₄/ SiO lithium ion battery with high-rate capability and thermo stability. Electrochemistry, 80, 401-404(2012).

[58] Y MASAYUKI, U KAZUTAKA, U ATSUSHI. Performance of the “SiO”-carbon composite-negative electrodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries; prototype 14500 batteries. Power Sources, 225, 221-225(2013).

[59] X LIU. Facile synthesis and electrochemical performance of hollow SiO@void@C composite as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Chin. Batt. Indust, 21, 3-9(2017).

[60] R LIU W, C YEN Y, C WU H et al. Nano-porous SiO/carbon composite anode for lithium-ion batteries. Appl. Electrochem, 39, 1643-1649(2009).

[61] I CHOI, L MIN J, M OH S et al. Fading mechanisms of carbon- coated and disproportionated Si/SiO_x negative electrode (Si/SiO_x/C) in Li-ion secondary batteries: dynamics and component analysis by TEM. Electrochim. Acta, 85, 369-376(2012).

[62] C SHI C, L YAN X, L ZHANG L et al. High-performance SiO/C/G composite anode for lithium ion batteries. Inorg. Mater, 28, 943-948(2013).