With the rapid development of social economy, the environmental pollution and the ecological destruction are continuously deteriorating while sudden environmental pollution incidents occur frequently. Real-time monitoring harmful gases of the air take advantages of spectroscopic techniques for concentration measurement. Multipass optical cells are -widely used in absorption spectrometry technique to improve gas detection sensitivity under the condition of weak absorption. This paper proposes a spiral-torus type multipass optical device base on the structure of Herriott type cell. The optical device consists of multiple torus concave mirrors in a spiral way. Incident light propagates along with radical and axial direction in winding staircase pattern. The faculae on the inner wall present a spiral-type. The entrance and exit apertures are separated due to the spiral trace of optical rays, which increases the accessible adjustment of the apparatus. The effective optical length can be adjusted based on the proportional relationship to the reflective times. This device is characterized with easy adjustment and excellent mechanical performance due to its cylindrical structure. Based on ABCD matrix, the stability of the system was analyzed and the relationship between the number of reflections and the incident angle were discussed. With optical simulation software, we designed a device for separating polarized light, and the characteristics of its rotation was studied.