Spectral absorption characteristics are used in the analysis of soil, mineral and plant material composition with spectral measurement technology, which is a hyperspectral remote sensing technology developed in recent years. It has many advantages, such as fast speed, high efficiency, low cost, low loss and so on. Rare earth is a strategic element with rich and unique physical and chemical properties, such as magnetic, optical, electrical, etc., which is widely used in aerospace, electronics, petrochemical, metallurgy, machinery, energy, agriculture and other fields. It is indispensable strategic material for the development of high-tech and cutting-edge national defense technology and the transformation of traditional industries in the world today. In recent years, As a result of the increasing demand and the enhancing value of rare earth resources, it has become an important research area to discover how to detect rare earth resources rapidly in large area and implement rare earth mining properly. Through spectral collection and analysis of rare earth minerals, this study carried out a series of researches on the correlation between rare earth elements and their chemical features. During the study, 12 rare earth mineral samples were collected from Liutang rare earth ore area of Chongzuo City, Guangxi, and the corresponding reflectance spectrum data were measured by using SVC HR1024I portable ground object wave spectrometer in laboratory. Continuous dispatch is implemented for the measured spectral features of the samples, and relative absorption analysis is carried out for prominent diagnostic absorption wavelength. Thus the linear relationship between the spectrum and the total content of rare earth elements and the contents of rare earth elements in ore samples was established according to its spectral characteristics. The results reveal that the five characteristic absorption bands of rare earth elements are 370, 950, 1 400, 1 900 and 2 200 nm in visible light and near infrared, respectively. The intensity of the five absorption band is related to the total rare earth content linearly, with R2 reaching 0.69, also discovered that the correlation between rare earth content and the visible light band is larger, and the correlation analysis between the visible light wave band and the total rare earth content of the sample was carried out. The 10 bands which have the strongest correlation with the total content of rare earth are 340, 350, 360, 370, 390, 400, 420, 480, 550 and 760 nm, respectively. The linear regression method is used to get the prediction model of the reflectance value and the total sample content of visible bands with high accuracy with R2 greater than 0.95. Also linear modeling is established by using the visible light wave band and 15 rare earth elements content values, with the correlation coefficient may reach above 0.9, which also shows that each single rare earth element has a strong correlation with the visible light wave region. By studying the spectral characteristics and chemical analysis of rare earth mineral samples, a linear regression analysis was carried out for 5 diagnostic absorption wavelengths and the visible band and the total rare earth element content of the samples, and for 15 kinds of rare earth element contents. The quantitative evaluation model of rare earth content in ore samples is established, which has certain reference value for rapid quantification-semi-quantitative evaluation of rare earth ores, and lays a theoretical foundation for extracting mineral information from hyperspectral remote sensing of rare earth ores and elements. It provides a scientific and effective theoretical basis for the ultimate realization of efficient exploitation of rare earth resources, reducing consumption and production costs at the source, reducing environmental damage and pollution, and promoting the strategic development and utilization of medium-heavy rare earth resources.