• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 57, Issue 24, 242804 (2020)
Xusheng Li1, Donghua Chen2、3、*, Saisai Liu3, Naiming Zhang4, and Hu Li2、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China
  • 2School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
  • 3College of Computer and Information Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, Anhui 239000, China
  • 4College of Geography and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP57.242804 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Xusheng Li, Donghua Chen, Saisai Liu, Naiming Zhang, Hu Li. Tree-Species Identification of Multisource Remote-Sensing Data using Improved 3D-CNN[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(24): 242804 Copy Citation Text show less
    Principle comparison between 3D-CNN and 2D-CNN. (a) 2D-CNN; (b) 3D-CNN
    Fig. 1. Principle comparison between 3D-CNN and 2D-CNN. (a) 2D-CNN; (b) 3D-CNN
    Diagram of network structure. (a) Flat network; (b) ResNet
    Fig. 2. Diagram of network structure. (a) Flat network; (b) ResNet
    Structure of 3D-RCNN
    Fig. 3. Structure of 3D-RCNN
    Distribution of study area and samples
    Fig. 4. Distribution of study area and samples
    Correlation matrix of characteristic factors. (a) Spectral feature; (b) texture feature; (c) vegetation index feature
    Fig. 5. Correlation matrix of characteristic factors. (a) Spectral feature; (b) texture feature; (c) vegetation index feature
    Sample expansion by inner ring rotation
    Fig. 6. Sample expansion by inner ring rotation
    Influence of number of convolution units on test time and overall accuracy
    Fig. 7. Influence of number of convolution units on test time and overall accuracy
    Influence of step size on test time and overall accuracy
    Fig. 8. Influence of step size on test time and overall accuracy
    Tree species distribution. (a) Forest inventory; (b) algorithm extraction
    Fig. 9. Tree species distribution. (a) Forest inventory; (b) algorithm extraction
    SensorProduct numberLatitude and longitude of centerImaging timeCloud cover /%
    GF-5 AHIS45157118.02°E,32.30°N2019-05-22
    GF-6 PMS1119873930117.90°E,32.10°N2019-05-01<5
    Table 1. Basic information of remote-sensing image data
    Tree speciesMeasured samplesExpanded samplesRegular samplesSample set
    Quercus acutissima641002313696
    Celtissinensis721001973152
    Dalbergiahupeana661001472352
    Pinus massoniana701002924672
    Pinus elliottii771002063296
    Cunninghamia lanceolate781001752800
    Others52601552480
    Table 2. Number of samples
    PTraining time /sTest time /sOA /%
    3879.229.1283.22
    151020.5511.2283.95
    171159.5314.7184.87
    191362.9933.5384.90
    211505.8852.1284.73
    231817.5888.6084.85
    Table 3. Influence of input pixel size on operation time and overall accuracy
    QTest time /sOA /%
    3×3×376.2090.27
    5×5×580.1090.79
    7×7×788.0190.28
    9×9×9105.6190.52
    Table 4. Influence of convolution kernel size on operation time and overall accuracy
    SNumber of iterationsOA /%
    0.000198690.56
    0.000277690.92
    0.000360291.47
    0.000447491.69
    0.000552291.22
    0.000643990.03
    0.000765989.87
    0.000875590.21
    0.000971090.42
    0.001092889.15
    Table 5. Influence of learning rate on convergence rate and overall accuracy
    AlgorithmParameterSpecies 1Species 2Species 3Species 4Species 5Species 6Species 7
    UA /%90.2988.5393.8597.1493.2490.2691.63
    3D-RCNNPA/%95.6392.2697.4686.9792.7689.5794.96
    OA /%91.72
    Kappa0.849
    UA /%80.7287.5190.2388.7687.5787.6981.11
    3D-CNNPA/%90.1283.6687.5584.8486.8980.1982.68
    OA /%85.65
    Kappa0.820
    UA /%87.5077.5092.5095.0072.5082.5091.67
    SVMPA /%94.5983.7894.8786.3672.5086.8475.86
    OA /%85.22
    Kappa0.827
    Table 6. Classification accuracy evaluation matrix of each algorithm
    ParameterSpecies 1Species 2Species 3Species 4Species 5Species 6Species 7
    Statistical area /km27.81510.4181.5744.2274.7541.7084.721
    Identified area /km27.1569.2661.5904.3505.0471.6773.866
    RA /%91.5788.9499.0097.0893.8398.1581.89
    Average RA /%92.92
    Table 7. Accuracy verification of tree species area
    Xusheng Li, Donghua Chen, Saisai Liu, Naiming Zhang, Hu Li. Tree-Species Identification of Multisource Remote-Sensing Data using Improved 3D-CNN[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(24): 242804
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