The most mature and widely used method for describing the scattering characteristics of a target surface is to use the bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF). However, the key is how to quickly and accurately obtain BRDF characteristic parameters. In this study, the Cook-Torrance model is employed to model the scattering from a target surface, the black coating metal is detected using a 1550 nm laser, and the measured data are inversed using a genetic tabu search algorithm to obtain the unknown parameters in the model. Compared with the genetic algorithm and genetic simulated annealing algorithm, the algorithm optimizes the number of iterations, reduces the computation error, and obtains a theoretical value that matches the experimental value. This study offers a quick and accurate approach to calculating the unknown parameters in BRDF.