[1] "The assessment strategy for cannulation and venepuncture," 1–4, (4 pages) available:http://www.ruh.nhs.uk/training/prospectus/clinical skills/documents/cannulation and venepuncture workbook.doc.
[2] A. F. Jacobson, E. H. Winslow, "Variable's influencing intravenous catheter insertion di±culty and failure: an analysis of 339 intravenous catheter insertions," Heart Lung J 34(5), 345–359 (2005).
[3] A. Rivera, K. Strauss, A. van Zundert, E. Mortier, "Matching the peripheral intravenous catheter to the individual patient," Acta Anaesthesiol Belg. J. 58(1), 19 (2006).
[4] D. Mbamalu, A. Banerjee, "Methods of obtaining peripheral venous access in di±cult situations," Postgrad Med J. 75(886), 459–462 (1999).
[5] M. Asrar, A. Al-Habaibeh, M. R. Houda, "A comparative study between visual, near infrared and infrared images for the detection of veins for intravenous cannulation," in Proc. AITA 2015 -Advanced Infrared Technology and Applications, Pisa, Italy (2015).
[6] A. Shahzad, M. N. M. Saad, N. Walter et al., "A Review on subcutaneous veins localization using imaging techniques," Current Med. Imaging Rev. 10(2), 125–132 (2014).
[7] S. I. A. Parker, K. M. Benzies, K. A. Hayden et al., "Effectiveness of interventions for adult peripheral intravenous catheterization: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials," Int.Emerg. Nurs. 1755599X16300507 (2016).
[8] S. I. A. Parker, K. Benzies, K. A. Hayden, "A Systematic review: Effectiveness of pediatric peripheral intravenous catheterization strategies," J. Adv. Nurs. 73(7), 1570–1582 (2017).
[9] J. C. de Graaff, N. J. Cuper, R. A. Mungra et al., "Near-infrared light to aid peripheral intravenous cannulation in children: A cluster randomised clinical trial of three devices," Anaesthesia 68(8), 835–845 (2013).
[10] C. T. Pan, M. D. Francisco, C. Yen et al., "Vein pattern locating technology for cannulation: A review of the low-cost vein ˉnder prototypes utilizing near Infrared (NIR) light to improve peripheral subcutaneous vein selection for phlebotomy," Sensors 16, 3573–3589 (2019).
[11] M. Asrar, A. Al-Habaibeh, M. Houda, "Innovative algorithm to evaluate the capabilities of visual, near infrared, and infrared technologies for the detection of veins for intravenous cannulation," Appl. Optics 55(34), 67–75 (2016).
[12] A. Shahzad, M. N. Saad, W. Nicolas et al., "Hyperspectral venous image quality assessment for optimum illumination range selection based on skin tone characteristics," BioMedical Eng. Online 13(1), 109–121 (2014).
[13] Y. Chen, X. Chen, J. Zhou et al., "Quality assessment for hyperspectral imaging," in Proc. SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9298 (Beijing, China, 2014), pp. 929803–929803-9.
[14] F. Meriaudeau, V. Paquit, N. Walter et al., 3D and multispectral imaging for subcutaneous veins detection, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conferencex Image Processig, pp. 2857–2860 (2009).
[15] Y. L. Katsogridakis, R. Seshadri, C. Sullivan et al., "Veinlite Transillumination in the Pediatric Emergency Department," Pediatric Emergency Care 24(2), 83–88 (2008).
[16] L. Zhang, J. Stiens, A. Elhawil et al., "Multispectral illumination and image processing techniques for active millimeter-wave concealed object detection," Appl. Optics 47(34), 6357–6365 (2009).
[17] Y. Yamagami, S. Ueki, K. Matoba et al., "Effectiveness of ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous cannulation in pediatric patients aged under three years: A systematic review protocol," JBI Database Systematic Rev. Implementation Rep. 16(1) 35–38 (2018).
[18] K. M. Englund, M. Rayment, "Nutcracker syndrome: A proposed ultrasound protocol," Australian J. Ultrasound Medicine, 21(2), 75–78 (2018).
[19] "NIR vs. Ultrasound vs. Transillumination for Vein Access," available: https://www.veinlite.com/blog/post/nir-ultrasound transillumination-vein-access/.
[20] C. Tang, A. W. Kong, N. Craft, "Uncovering vein patterns from color skin images for forensic analysis," in Proc. IEEE CVPR, pp. 665–672, Springs, Colorado, USA (2011).
[21] C. Tang, H. Zhang, A. W. Kong, "Using multiple models to uncover blood vessel patterns in color images for forensic analysis," Inf. Fusion 32(B) 26–39 (2016).
[22] C.Tang,H. Zhang,A.W.Kong,N.Craft, "Visualizing vein patterns from color skin images based on image mapping for forensics analysis," in Proc. IEEE ICPR, pp. 2387–2390, Tsukuba, Japan (2012).
[23] J. H. Song, C. Kim, Y. Yoo, "Vein visualization using a smart phone with multispectral Wiener estimation for point-of-care applications," IEEE J. Biomedical Health Inf. 19(2), 773–778 (2015).
[24] T. Watanabe, T. Tanaka, "Vein authentication using color information and image matching with high performance on natural light," in Proc. ICCASSICE, pp. 3625–3629, Fukuoka, Japan (2009).
[25] G. Ma, B. Wang, C. Tang, "Uncovering vein pattern using generative adversarial network," in 11nth Int. Conf. Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2019) 111793R (Guangzhou, China, 2019).
[26] Microview Products, AD-080CL, http://www.microview.com.cn/index.php?m=content&c= index &a=show&catid=429&id=371.
[27] N. Otsu, "A Threshold Selection Method from Gray-Level Histograms," IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 9(1), 62–66 (1979).
[28] S. Prasad, A. W. Kong, "Using Object Information for Spotting Text," in Proc. European Conf. Computer Vision, München, Germany (2018), pp. 540–557.
[29] F. K. S. Chan, X. Li, A. W. Kong, "A study of distinctiveness of skin texture for forensic applications through comparison with blood vessels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Sec. 12(8), 1900–1915 (2017).