B. King, T. Heinzl. Measuring vacuum polarization with high-power lasers[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2016, 4(1): 010000e5
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Fig. 4. A probe photon (wavy lines) scattering off a classical laser background (dashed lines) at low energy (so that the Heisenberg–Euler vertex can be employed).
Fig. 11. Cerenkov-like radiation (right) generated by pulse collapse into photon bullets (left) against longitudinal $z$ and transverse $r$ co-ordinates of an initially Gaussian pulse of central wavenumber $k_{0}$. Reproduced with permission[75].