Author Affiliations
High-Power and Ultrafast Laser Manufacturing Lab, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Layout of test device. (a) Groove size; (b) action point position between laser beam and wire
Fig. 2. Weld morphologies and weld cross-sectional morphologies
Fig. 3. Influences of Δh on weld formation
Fig. 4. Weld morphologies. (a) Metallographic diagram of weld cross section; (b) upper part of interface layer; (c) middle part of interface layer; (d) lower part of interface layer; (e) weld center area
Fig. 5. Surface scan results of elements. (a) Magnified view of interface layer; (b) distribution of Al element; (c) distribution of Si element; (d) distribution of Cu element
Fig. 6. X-ray diffraction analysis pattern in weld
Fig. 7. Microhardness distributions of joints
Fig. 8. Tensile strength of joints
Fig. 9. SEM images of tensile fractures. (a) Without grinding; (b) with grinding
Number | Groove at copper side | Groove at aluminum side | |
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W1 /mm | t /mm | θ1 /(°) | R1 /mm | W2 /mm | t /mm | θ2 /(°) | R2 /mm |
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1# | 0 | 0.8 | 5 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.8 | 5 | 0.6 | 2# | 0 | 0.8 | 30 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 30 | 0.6 | 3# | 0.3 | 0.8 | 30 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 30 | 0.6 | 4# | 0.3 | 0.4 | 10 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.4 | 15 | 0.5 |
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Table 1. Specific size parameters of different grooves
Number | Groove form | P /kW | Vw /(m·min-1) | V /(m·min-1) | Δx /mm |
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A-1 | 1# | 4.5 | 5.0 | 1 | 0 | A-2 | 1# | 5.0 | 5.5 | 1 | 0 | B-1 | 2# | 5.0 | 5.5 | 1 | -0.3 | C-1 | 3# | 5.0 | 5.5 | 1 | 0 | D-1 | 4# | 4.0 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.3 | D-2 | 4# | 4.5 | 5.5 | 1 | 0.3 |
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Table 2. Welding parameters
Point No. | Atomic fraction of Cu /% | Atomic fraction of Al /% | Atomic fraction of Si /% |
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1 | 98.95 | 1.05 | 0 | 2 | 31.31 | 67.81 | 0.85 | 3 | 27.70 | 71.27 | 1.03 | 4 | 30.06 | 69.23 | 0.71 | 5 | 10.50 | 80.62 | 8.88 | 6 | 4.91 | 93.44 | 1.66 |
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Table 3. EDS results in weld
Point No. | Atomic fraction of Al /% | Atomic fraction of Cu /% | Atomic fraction of Si /% |
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1 | 64.38 | 33.66 | 1.96 | 2 | 65.10 | 34.54 | 3.36 | 3 | 65.81 | 31.86 | 2.33 | 4 | 83.66 | 18.37 | 2.03 |
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Table 4. EDS results of joint fracture areas