Author Affiliations
1College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China2College of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australiashow less
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of dynamic modeling and compensation
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of FBG demodulation system
Fig. 3. Principle of centroid detection algorithm
Fig. 4. Temperature trend of reference grating in cooling mode
Fig. 5. Compensation result of dynamic model in cooling mode. (a) Absolute wavelength drift; (b) prediction error
Fig. 6. Temperature trend of reference grating in cooling-heating mode
Fig. 7. Compensation result of dynamic model in cooling-heating mode. (a) Absolute wavelength drift; (b) prediction error
Fig. 8. Compensation result of dynamic model in cooling mode (n=0, n=1). (a) Absolute wavelength drift; (b) prediction error
Fig. 9. Compensation result of dynamic model in cooling mode (n=2, n=3). (a) Absolute wavelength drift; (b) prediction error
Fig. 10. Compensation result of dynamic model in cooling-heating mode (n=0, n=1). (a) Absolute wavelength drift; (b) prediction error
Fig. 11. Compensation result of dynamic model in cooling-heating mode (n=2, n=3). (a) Absolute wavelength drift; (b) prediction error
FBG No. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
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Wavelength /nm | 1528.8393 | 1541.0621 | 1557.3460 | 1562.1832 |
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Table 1. Characteristic wavelengths of FBG
n | S | Cooling | Cooling-heating |
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MAXE /pm | RMSE /pm | CPU time /ms | MAXE /pm | RMSE /pm | CPU time /ms |
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0 | 0 | 39.12 | 14.94 | 181 | 77.02 | 58.17 | 179 | 1 | FBG0 | 33.50 | 15.50 | 179 | 41.70 | 25.33 | 178 | FBG1 | 30.84 | 12.66 | 37.68 | 20.16 | FBG2 | 26.06 | 11.43 | 33.37 | 18.07 | 2 | FBG0 and FBG1 | 8.02 | 4.99 | 181 | 29.07 | 12.96 | 180 | FBG0 and FBG2 | 5.01 | 2.66 | 27.42 | 12.04 | FBG1 and FBG2 | 3.79 | 2.01 | 22.88 | 11.83 | 3 | FBG0,FBG1,and FBG2 | 2.53 | 1.30 | 182 | 8.78 | 5.24 | 182 |
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Table 2. Influence of location of FBG3 on model performance
n | S | Cooling | Cooling-heating |
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MAXE /pm | RMSE /pm | CPU time /ms | MAXE /pm | RMSE /pm | CPU time /ms |
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0 | 0 | 33.65 | 13.75 | 180 | 69.25 | 49.51 | 181 | 1 | FBG0 | 22.47 | 9.60 | 178 | 38.38 | 25.36 | 179 | FBG1 | 20.04 | 9.50 | 31.00 | 21.50 | FBG3 | 15.07 | 5.90 | 29.03 | 21.28 | 2 | FBG0 and FBG1 | 12.71 | 3.77 | 179 | 18.68 | 9.14 | 180 | FBG0 and FBG3 | 11.56 | 3.14 | 15.28 | 8.89 | FBG1 and FBG3 | 7.71 | 2.72 | 13.97 | 8.21 | 3 | FBG0,FBG1 and FBG3 | 3.63 | 1.06 | 181 | 7.84 | 3.33 | 179 |
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Table 3. Influence of location of FBG2 on model performance
n | Lw | Cooling | Cooling-heating |
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MAXE /pm | RMSE /pm | CPU time /ms | MAXE /pm | RMSE /pm | CPU time /ms |
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0 | 50 | 62.10 | 32.75 | 181 | 106.27 | 73.22 | 181 | 80 | 48.85 | 23.27 | 80.54 | 63.80 | 100 | 33.65 | 13.75 | 69.25 | 49.51 | 1 | 50 | 50.58 | 29.05 | 178 | 92.75 | 60.57 | 180 | 80 | 45.16 | 22.76 | 66.09 | 45.36 | 100 | 22.47 | 9.60 | 38.38 | 25.36 | 2 | 50 | 42.66 | 21.69 | 183 | 84.09 | 55.89 | 181 | 80 | 35.60 | 19.62 | 35.26 | 21.60 | 100 | 12.71 | 3.77 | 18.68 | 9.14 | 3 | 50 | 37.35 | 14.19 | 182 | 76.78 | 50.29 | 182 | 80 | 27.64 | 13.45 | 19.93 | 9.51 | 100 | 3.63 | 1.06 | 7.84 | 3.33 |
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Table 4. Model performance under different window lengths and number of reference gratings