A portable fundus camera is designed to make the optical system more simple and compact comparing with the classical system. The photographing system and the focus target projection optical system are using a common focusing lens, so that the focus target projection optical system can be arranged completely in the illumination system. In the focus target projection system a special illumination system is not required any longer, and a focus link mechanism between the projective target and the focusing lens is avoided. Focusing lens fully utillizes the space of the retina object lens system. Taking advantage of narrow bandwidth of light source, observation system and photographing system share the common charge coupled device. A new type of fundus camera is designed with the field of view of 30°, the free working distance of 30 mm. The accommodation ranges between -10 m-1 and +5 m-1. The resolution at the object plane of 45 line/mm across the entire field of view, and the maximum distortion is less than 5%.