Author Affiliations
1School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin124221, China2Institute of Adsorption and Inorganic Membrane, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Chinashow less
1. SEM images of α-Al2O3 support photographed from surface (a) and cross section (b), large seeds (c), small seeds (d), modified by large seeds photographed from surface (e) and cross section (f), and the small seed layer photographed from surface (g) and cross section (h)
2. XRD patterns of large seeds (a) and small seeds (b)
3. SEM images of T-type zeolite membranes after first-step crystallization prepared at different first-step crystallization temperatures
4. SEM images of T-type zeolite membranes after two-step crystallizations prepared at different first-step crystallization temperature
5. XRD patterns of zeolite T membrane M4 (a) and small zeolite T seeds (b)
6. SEM images of T-type zeolite membranes after first-step crystallization prepared with varying first-step crystallization time
7. SEM images of T-type zeolite membranes after two-step crystallizations prepared with different first-step crystallization time
8. SEM images of T-type zeolite membranes after two-step crystallizations prepared at different second-step crystallization temperatures
No. | First-step crystallization | Second-step crystallization | J/ (kg·m-2·h-1) | α |
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Temp./℃ | Time/h | Temp./℃ | Time/h |
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M1 | 110 | 4 | 110 | 6 | - | - | M2 | 120 | 4 | 110 | 6 | 4.19 | 968 | M3 | 130 | 4 | 110 | 6 | 3.87 | 5219 | M4 | 135 | 4 | 110 | 6 | 3.84 | >10000 | M5 | 150 | 4 | 110 | 6 | 3.53 | 2918 |
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Table 1. Pervaporation performance of T zeolite membranes prepared under different first-step crystallization temperatures
No. | First-step crystallization | Second-step crystallization | J/(kg ·m-2·h-1) | α |
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Temp./℃ | Time/h | Temp./℃ | Time/h |
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M6 | 135 | 2 | 110 | 6 | - | - | M7 | 135 | 3 | 110 | 6 | 4.04 | 915 | M4 | 135 | 4 | 110 | 6 | 3.84 | >10000 | M8 | 135 | 5 | 110 | 6 | 4.2 | 2371 | M9 | 135 | 6 | 110 | 6 | 4.97 | 697 |
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Table 2. Pervaporation performance of T zeolite membranes prepared with different first-step crystallization time
No | First-step crystallization | Second-step crystallization | J/(kg·m-2·h-1) | α |
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Temp./℃ | Time/h | Temp./℃ | Time/h |
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M10 | 135 | 4 | 90 | 6 | - | - | M11 | 135 | 4 | 100 | 6 | 3.94 | 2646 | M4 | 135 | 4 | 110 | 6 | 3.84 | >10000 | M12 | 135 | 4 | 120 | 6 | 3.97 | 5867 | M13 | 135 | 4 | 130 | 6 | 3.41 | 5594 |
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Table 3. Pervaporation performance of T zeolite membranes prepared under different second-step crystallization temperatures
Support | Temp./ ℃ | Time/ h | J/ (kg·m-2·h-1) | α | Ref. |
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α-Al2O3 disc | 120 | 24 | 2.24 | 10000 | [29] | α-Al2O3 tube | 100 | 30 | 2.52 | 10000 | [21] | α-Al2O3 tube | 120 | 16 | 2.96 | 6400 | [23] | α-Al2O3 tube | 100+140a | 8+1a | 2.15 | 10000 | [19] | α-Al2O3 tube | 150+120b | 4+8b | 2.04 | 2874 | [30] | α-Al2O3 tube | 135+110c | 4+6c | 3.84 | >10000 | This work |
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Table 4. Pervaporation performance of zeolite T membranes for 90wt% isopropanol/water mixture at 75 ℃