Pulse laser fuze of conventional ammunition cannot accurately obtain the azimuth information of target. Therefore, the circumferential azimuth detection scheme of single beam laser fuze was designed based on magnetic-electric detection. The magnetic-electric detection system was modeled; a cylindrical permanent magnet rotating magnetic field model was established. The analytic expression of magnetic position which is measured by magneto resistive sensor was deduced. According to the analytical expression of the magnetic signal, rising along the cycle threshold detection method was put forward. The high precision azimuth resolution was achieved by using the method of combining FPGA with TDC-GP21 to measure high precision time, which is the time of laser echo signal appearance and the period of motor speed signal. According to the scheme, prototype was designed, and the program of the host computer was finished. The experiment of azimuth angle detection was carried out. The experimental results show that, the magnetic-electric detection system uses multiple shield method which can effectively suppress electromagnetic interference. Meanwhile, this system can achieve real time monitoring of the motor speed and range angle solver. Azimuth solution calculation error is in plus or minus 2°. The magnetic-electric detection system can meet the requirement of high precision and anti-interference ability of the azimuth angle measurement of laser fuze.