Based on the Michelson-type interferometer combined with a high-speed imaging system, the whole-field transient deformation is measured in real time by using temporal speckle pattern interferometry. With the continuous movement or deformation of the object under study, a sequence of speckle patterns is recorded to acquire the temporal signal of interference intensity at each pixel of the image sensor. The wrapped phase information is extracted by Hilbert transform method, which is regarded as a phase shifter of 90° , and the phase unwrapping is subsequently performed in time domain. Finally, the two-dimensional deformation field is acquired by evaluating the phase information pixel by pixel. To verify the proposed approach, the out-of-plane deformation of the object impacted by a piezoelectric ceramic transducer is measured. The experimental results demonstrate that the transient deformation can be measured by this method under the capturing rate of 1000 frame/s. Comparing with the conventional phase shifting electronic speckle pattern interferometry, the proposed method does not only yield simple implementation, but also has a relatively high spatio-temporal resolution.