Chip-scale full-Stokes spectropolarimeter in silicon photonic circuits

Zhongjin Lin; Tigran Dadalyan; Simon Bélanger-de Villers; Tigran Galstian; Wei Shi

doi:10.1364/PRJ.385008

[1] M. Mishchenko, J. Hovenier. Depolarization of light backscattered by randomly oriented nonspherical particles. Opt. Lett., 20, 1356-1358(1995).

[2] D. Naumann, D. Helm, H. Labischinski. Microbiological characterizations by FT-IR spectroscopy. Nature, 351, 81-82(1991).

[3] U. D. Hemraz, M. El-Bakkari, T. Yamazaki, J.-Y. Cho, R. L. Beingessner, H. Fenniri. Chiromers: conformation-driven mirror-image supramolecular chirality isomerism identified in a new class of helical rosette nanotubes. Nanoscale, 6, 9421-9427(2014).

[4] J. Kessler, V. Andrushchenko, J. Kapitn, P. Bou. Insight into vibrational circular dichroism of proteins by density functional modeling. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 20, 4926-4935(2018).

[5] R. Wehner. Polarization vision—a uniform sensory capacity?. J. Exp. Biol., 204, 2589-2596(2001).

[6] M. L. Degl’Innocenti, M. Landolfi. Polarization in Spectral Lines, 307(2006).

[7] H. Fujiwara. Spectroscopic Ellipsometry: Principles and Applications(2007).

[8] L. A. Nguyen, H. He, C. Pham-Huy. Chiral drugs: an overview. Int. J. Biomed. Sci., 2, 85-100(2006).

[9] A. Taniguchi, K. Oka, H. Okabe, H. Naito, N. Nakatsuka. Miniaturized channeled spectropolarimeter. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2006 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, 1-2(2006).

[10] W. T. Chen, P. Török, M. R. Foreman, C. Y. Liao, W.-Y. Tsai, P. R. Wu, D. P. Tsai. Integrated plasmonic metasurfaces for spectropolarimetry. Nanotechnology, 27, 224002(2016).

[11] H. Okabe, M. Hayakawa, J. Matoba, H. Naito, K. Oka. Error-reduced channeled spectroscopic ellipsometer with palm-size sensing head. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 80, 083104(2009).

[12] D. J. Lee, C. F. LaCasse, J. M. Craven. Compressed channeled spectropolarimetry. Opt. Express, 25, 32041-32063(2017).

[13] S. Zheng, J. Zou, H. Cai, J. Song, L. Chin, P. Liu, Z. Lin, D. Kwong, A. Liu. Microring resonator-assisted Fourier transform spectrometer with enhanced resolution and large bandwidth in single chip solution. Nat. Commun., 10, 2349(2019).

[14] M. C. Souza, A. Grieco, N. C. Frateschi, Y. Fainman. Fourier transform spectrometer on silicon with thermo-optic non-linearity and dispersion correction. Nat. Commun., 9, 665(2018).

[15] H. Takahashi, S. Suzuki, K. Kato, I. Nishi. Arrayed-waveguide grating for wavelength division multi/demultiplexer with nanometre resolution. Electron. Lett., 26, 87-88(1990).

[16] P. Cheben, J. Schmid, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, S. Janz, B. Lamontagne, J. Lapointe, E. Post, P. Waldron, D.-X. Xu. A high-resolution silicon-on-insulator arrayed waveguide grating microspectrometer with sub-micrometer aperture waveguides. Opt. Express, 15, 2299-2306(2007).

[17] H. Wang, Z. Lin, Q. Li, W. Shi. On-chip Fourier transform spectrometers by dual-polarized detection. Opt. Lett., 44, 2923-2926(2019).

[18] A. V. Velasco, P. Cheben, P. J. Bock, A. Delâge, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, M. L. Calvo, D.-X. Xu, M. Florjańczyk, M. Vachon. High-resolution Fourier-transform spectrometer chip with microphotonic silicon spiral waveguides. Opt. Lett., 38, 706-708(2013).

[19] D. M. Kita, B. Miranda, D. Favela, D. Bono, J. Michon, H. Lin, T. Gu, J. Hu. High-performance and scalable on-chip digital Fourier transform spectroscopy. Nat. Commun., 9, 4405(2018).

[20] Z. Xia, A. A. Eftekhar, M. Soltani, B. Momeni, Q. Li, M. Chamanzar, S. Yegnanarayanan, A. Adibi. High resolution on-chip spectroscopy based on miniaturized microdonut resonators. Opt. Express, 19, 12356-12364(2011).

[21] Z. Lin, L. Rusch, Y. Chen, W. Shi. Chip-scale, full-Stokes polarimeter. Opt. Express, 27, 4867-4877(2019).

[22] Z. Lin, Y. Chen, L. Rusch, W. Shi. On-chip circular polarization splitter using silicon photonic nanoantenna array. ACS Photonics, 5, 4338-4342(2018).

[23] W. Wu, Y. Yu, W. Liu, X. Zhang. Fully integrated CMOS-compatible polarization analyzer. Nanophotonics, 8, 467-474(2019).

[24] A. Espinosa-Soria, F. J. Rodrguez-Fortuño, A. Griol, A. Martnez. On-chip optimal Stokes nanopolarimetry based on spin-orbit interaction of light. Nano Lett., 17, 3139-3144(2017).

[25] A. Martnez. Polarimetry enabled by nanophotonics. Science, 362, 750-751(2018).

[26] J. B. Mueller, K. Leosson, F. Capasso. Ultracompact metasurface in-line polarimeter. Optica, 3, 42-47(2016).

[27] P. C. Wu, J.-W. Chen, C.-W. Yin, Y.-C. Lai, T. L. Chung, C. Y. Liao, B. H. Chen, K.-W. Lee, C.-J. Chuang, C.-M. Wang, D. T. Tsai. Visible metasurfaces for on-chip polarimetry. ACS Photonics, 5, 2568-2573(2017).

[28] Z. Lin, L. A. Rusch, Y. Chen, W. Shi. Optimal ultra-miniature polarimeters in silicon photonic integrated circuits. APL Photonics, 4, 100806(2019).

[29] Z. Lu, H. Yun, Y. Wang, Z. Chen, F. Zhang, N. A. Jaeger, L. Chrostowski. Broadband silicon photonic directional coupler using asymmetric-waveguide based phase control. Opt. Express, 23, 3795-3808(2015).

[30] Z. Lin, W. Shi. Broadband, low-loss silicon photonic Y-junction with an arbitrary power splitting ratio. Opt. Express, 27, 14338-14343(2019).

[31] V. R. Kolli, T. Srinivasulu, G. Hegde, T. Badrinarayana, S. Talabattula. Design and analysis of serially coupled double microring resonator based force sensor for 1 μN range measurement. Optik, 131, 1063-1070(2017).

[32] Y. Zhang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, M. Gould, N. Ophir, A. E.-J. Lim, G.-Q. Lo, P. Magill, K. Bergman, T. Baehr-Jones, M. Hochberg. A high-responsivity photodetector absent metal-germanium direct contact. Opt. Express, 22, 11367-11375(2014).

[33] P.-G. De Gennes, J. Prost. The Physics of Liquid Crystals, 83(1995).

[34] Z. Lin, W. Shi. Broadband silicon photonic polarimeter using subwavelength grating metamaterial waveguides. Proc. SPIE, 11284, 112841K(2020).

[35] J. Wu, T. Moein, X. Xu, G. Ren, A. Mitchell, D. J. Moss. Micro-ring resonator quality factor enhancement via an integrated Fabry-Perot cavity. APL Photonics, 2, 056103(2017).

[36] P. Ying, R. Ge, S. Gao, X. Cai. Thermally tunable silicon microring resonators with ultralow tuning power. Proc. SPIE, 11048, 1104839(2019).

[37] A. Atabaki, E. S. Hosseini, A. Eftekhar, S. Yegnanarayanan, A. Adibi. Optimization of metallic microheaters for high-speed reconfigurable silicon photonics. Opt. Express, 18, 18312-18323(2010).

[38] L. Zhou, X. Zhang, L. Lu, J. Chen. Tunable Vernier microring optical filters with p-i-p-type microheaters. IEEE Photonics J., 5, 6601211(2013).

[39] N. Zhou, S. Zheng, X. Cao, Y. Zhao, S. Gao, Y. Zhu, M. He, X. Cai, J. Wang. Ultra-compact broadband polarization diversity orbital angular momentum generator with 3.6 × 3.6 μm² footprint. Sci. Adv., 5, eaau9593(2019).

[40] W. S. Zaoui, M. F. Rosa, W. Vogel, M. Berroth, J. Butschke, F. Letzkus. Cost-effective CMOS-compatible grating couplers with backside metal mirror and 69% coupling efficiency. Opt. Express, 20, B238-B243(2012).

[41] S.-Y. Cho, R. Soref. Interferometric microring-resonant 2 × 2 optical switches. Opt. Express, 16, 13304-13314(2008).

[42] J. Wu, B. Liu, J. Peng, J. Mao, X. Jiang, C. Qiu, C. Tremblay, Y. Su. On-chip tunable second-order differential-equation solver based on a silicon photonic mode-split microresonator. J. Lightwave Technol., 33, 3542-3549(2015).

[43] X. Xue, Y. Xuan, P.-H. Wang, Y. Liu, D. E. Leaird, M. Qi, A. M. Weiner. Normal-dispersion microcombs enabled by controllable mode interactions. Laser Photonics Rev., 9, L23-L28(2015).

[44] A. Taniguchi, H. Okabe, H. Naito, N. Nakatsuka, K. Oka. Stabilized channeled spectropolarimeter using integrated calcite prisms. Proc. SPIE, 5888, 588811(2005).

[45] T. Mu, S. Pacheco, Z. Chen, C. Zhang, R. Liang. Snapshot linear-stokes imaging spectropolarimeter using division-of-focal-plane polarimetry and integral field spectroscopy. Sci. Rep., 7, 1(2017).