Author Affiliations
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Electronic Engineering Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China2State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China3State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China4Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the structure under study. Two CW pumps are amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and filtered by a bandpass filter (BPF) separately, then combined by a coupler with a ratio α1. The combined pumps are coherently added to the lightwave circulating in the resonator through a coupler with a power transmission coefficient θ. After filtering the pump frequency using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), the generated spectrum is detected by an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA).
Fig. 2. Spectrum of the dual-pump field in the second step.
Fig. 3. (a), (b), and (c) show the evolution of the intracavity power and spectral and temporal profiles when scanning a laser over a monolithic Si3N4 ring resonator, respectively, with a 200 μm diameter and a quality factor Q=3×105. FSR=226 GHz; β2=−4.711×10−26 s2 m−1; γ=1 W−1 m−1; α=θ=0.009; Pin1=0.755 W; δ0=−0.0045; L=628 μm; and the tuning speed is 4×10−3 ns−1.
Fig. 4. Same as Fig. 3 but with a slower tuning speed of 8×10−4 ns−1.
Fig. 5. (a) and (b) correspond to the temporal profile (left) and spectrum (right) of the intracavity field when pumped with a single CW pump at the end of the first step at simulation time t=50 ns, and with da ual pump in the second step at a simulation time t=625 ns, respectively. The width of the temporal window is equivalent to the round-trip time of the field.
Fig. 6. Shows the route to the steady-state soliton of LLE. The left panel demonstrates the temporal evolution of intracavity field, where τ and t are the fast time and slow time, respectively. t≤50 ns corresponds to the first step with a single pump. The right panel shows the frequency spectrum evolution.
Fig. 7. (a) and (b) show the temporal profile and spectrum of the relationship between the steady-state solution in the second step and the total simulation time in the first step, respectively. (c) and (d) show the temporal profile and spectrum of a possible steady-state solution in the second step. (e) and (f) show the temporal profile and spectrum of another possible steady-state solution in the second step.
Fig. 8. Generated multi-FSR mode spacing solitons following the same steps and with the same resonator parameters used in Fig. 3. (a), (b), and (c) correspond to fm=2FSR, 3FSR, and 4FSR. The pictures on the left are the temporal profiles. The pictures on the right show the corresponding spectra.