• Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
  • Vol. 41, Issue 6, 924 (2024)
WANG Qibing1, WANG Linsong1,*, WANG Yaqi1, LI Li2..., XU Huaxing3,4 and WANG Shaohua3,4|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1QUDOOR Technologies Inc., Beijing 100089, China
  • 2School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
  • 3National Engineering Research Center for Risk Perception and Prevention, China Academy of Electronics and;Information Technology, Beijing 100041, China
  • 4CETC Academy of Electronics and Information Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100041, China
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    DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2024.06.009 Cite this Article
    Qibing WANG, Linsong WANG, Yaqi WANG, Li LI, Huaxing XU, Shaohua WANG. A miniaturized quantum random number generator device based on CMOS[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2024, 41(6): 924 Copy Citation Text show less
    Number of photons detected in a fixed time interval
    Fig. 1. Number of photons detected in a fixed time interval
    Composition of noise
    Fig. 2. Composition of noise
    Structure diagram of the optical collimation module
    Fig. 3. Structure diagram of the optical collimation module
    Structure diagram of the light path
    Fig. 4. Structure diagram of the light path
    Schematic diagram based on LED as light source and CMOS detection
    Fig. 5. Schematic diagram based on LED as light source and CMOS detection
    Schematic diagram of sampling with comparater
    Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of sampling with comparater
    Distribution of output
    Fig. 7. Distribution of output
    Output distribution of a single pixel
    Fig. 8. Output distribution of a single pixel
    Autocorrelation coefficient of the sequence
    Fig. 9. Autocorrelation coefficient of the sequence
    不同随机数方案功 耗优 势缺 陷
    基于单光子源的方案

    需要制冷的单光子探测器,

    功耗较大

    量子特性显著、装置思路清晰、后处理手段简单

    单光子探测器性能限制, 随机数生成

    速率难以提升

    基于相位噪声的方案需要制冷的光源, 功耗一般

    易于测量和分析优化,

    速率可达Gbps级

    存在相位漂移、成本较高
    基于真空涨落的方案

    需要制冷的连续强光源,

    功耗较大

    稳定性较强

    量子信号提取较难,

    容易受经典噪声影响

    基于比较器的

    LED+CMOS方案

    LED和CMOS工作电流

    较小,功耗较小

    结构简单、成本较低CMOS 采样速率仍需进一步优化
    Table 1. Comparison of different schemes for quantum random number generator
    PixelRmaxVar
    123940.60
    224140.57
    324640.17
    424942.19
    Table 2. Data parameters collected by different pixels
    Statistical testp-ValueProportion
    Frequency0.9530890.986
    Frequency within block0.2784610.989
    Runs0.8463380.993
    Longest run0.2011890.990
    Binary matrix rank test0.9252870.992
    Discrete Fourier transform0.6454480.987
    Non-overlapping template0.6558540.998
    Overlapping template0.132640.990
    Maurer0.4391220.993
    Linear complexity0.9626880.991
    Serial0.556460.989
    Approximate entropy0.6993130.991
    Cumulative sums0.2716190.986
    Random excursions0.0214890.992
    Random excursions variant0.4755870.987
    Table 3. Typical result of NIST statistical test
    Qibing WANG, Linsong WANG, Yaqi WANG, Li LI, Huaxing XU, Shaohua WANG. A miniaturized quantum random number generator device based on CMOS[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2024, 41(6): 924
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