Nitrite (HONO), as one of the sources of OH free radical in the atmosphere, plays an important role in the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Moreover, previous studies have shown that HONO plays an important role in generating atmospheric haze in winter. The conversion of NO₂ is considered one of the important sources of HONO. Therefore, researching the vertical distribution characteristics of HONO in the atmosphere has an important role in studying the formation and control of atmospheric pollution. Because of the important role of HONO in the atmosphere, currently, the methods of chemiluminescence and spectroscopy, as well as indirect methods, are mainly used to measure HONO in the atmosphere. MAX-DOAS method is a passive remote sensing technology that can quickly and effectively obtain the three-dimensional distribution of pollutants in the atmosphere. In this paper, the MAX-DOAS instrument was used for stereo detection of HONO and NO₂ in the winter atmosphere of the Science Island of Hefei in December 2017. The vertical distribution characteristics of those are obtained through the PriAM algorithm. The research results show that during the observation period, the NO₂ vertical mixed concentration (VMR) and vertical column concentration (VCD) in the range of 10m near the ground were in the range of 0.51×10¹¹~20.5×10¹¹ molecules·cm^-3 and 6.0×10¹⁵~5.5×10¹⁶ molecules·cm^-2, respectively.The concentration was mainly concentrated within 1 km, and evenly mixed near the ground. However, the VMR and VCD of HONO were between 0.03×10¹⁰~5.1×10¹⁰ molecules·cm^-3 and 3.5×10¹⁴~7.0×10¹⁵ molecules·cm^-2, respectively. The upper level of concentration was within 100m, and its concentration decreased significantly with the increase in height. The HONO/NO₂ ratio was between 0.17%~16.0% (VMR) and 1.0%~25.0% (VCD), indicating that HONO was mainly derived from NO₂ conversion during the study period. Under a typical polluted episode (2017.12.26—2017.12.31), HONO/NO₂ was greater than 5%, and the concentration of HONO increased (greater than 0.26×10¹¹ molecules·cm^-3), indicating that the conversion of NO₂ to HONO became strong. By combining the wind field changes to study the source of NO₂ during the pollution period, it was found that the transmission in the urban area of Hefei, northern and northwestern Anhui has a significant effect on NO₂ and HONO.