The cumulative fatigue damage of deformable mirrors (DMs) is generated due to the action of the circular mechanical drive of the actuators in the process of adaptive wavefront correction. The wavefront correction process of the DM has been simulated by the least squares method and the influence function of the DM, and the corresponding stress distribution of the DM in the wavefront correction process has also been analyzed by the finite element method. Additionally, the fatigue life of the DM has further been calculated with the Miner cumulative fatigue damage theory. On this basis, the influences of the structural parameters of the DM on the influence function and the fatigue life of the DM have been discussed. The results show that the coupling coefficient of the DM is minimal and the fatigue life is the longest when the poles are distributed in the triangular arrangement for the given distorted wavefront and the equal number of poles of the DM. However, the coupling coefficient of the DM is maximal and the fatigue life is the shortest when the poles are distributed in the square arrangement. Furthermore, the coupling coefficient of the DM decreases with the increasing pole spacing, resulting in the increasing fatigue life of the DM. Meanwhile, the coupling coefficient and the fatigue life of the DM decrease with the increasing pole radius and the decreasing pole length when the pole spacing is fixed. On the whole, the influence of the pole spacing on the fatigue life of the DM is more significant than that of the pole radius and length. Furthermore, for the given pole spacing, the number of the poles varies with pole distribution manners and the fatigue life of the DM decreases with the increasing number of poles.