Quantum key distribution uses quantum mechanical properties to ensure communication security. It enables both sides of the communication to generate and share a random, secure key for encrypting and decrypting the transmitted data. Measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is an important part of quantum key distribution (QKD). It can solve the security vulnerabilities caused by measurement devices in QKD protocol and extend the communication distance while guaranteeing the security of the protocol. The principle of quantum teleportation in quantum networks is analyzed. According to the particularity of MDI-QKD protocol, quantum teleportation is applied to MDI-QKD protocol. The protocol transmits the quantum states prepared by Alice to David via teleportation in quantum networks, and then David and the other side of communication, Bob, run the MDI-QKD protocol together. The realization flow of MDI-QKD protocol based on quantum teleportation is described and the fidelity parameter of quantum state is introduced. The key rate of MDI-QKD protocol is analyzed. Simulation results show the gain effect of quantum teleportation on MDI-QKD protocol is very obvious, which can greatly extend the secure transmission distance of the key and ensure that the security protocol does not depend on the measuring equipment. All attacks on the measurement side of QKD system are effectively avoided.