Terahertz(THz) waves have a wide range of applications in the field of sensing because of their good coherence, high signal-noise ratio, and low radiation energy. In addition, THz sensing also has the advantages of real-time, non-contact, label-free and non-ionization, so it has important applications in biochemical sensing, especially the sensing of biologically active substances. Nevertheless, THz sensing also has disadvantages such as low sensitivity, strong water absorption, limited detection information, and poor applicability. This review introduces the series of work of our research group in THz time-domain polarization spectroscopy sensing technology, which takes microstructure devices as sensors and uses transmission or reflection sensing methods to detect several biochemical samples of cells, amino acids and Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid(DNA), respectively. The experimental results show that: compared with the traditional resonance sensing method, the Q-factor and sensing sensitivity of the polarization sensing method are significantly improved; the reflective sensing effectively avoids the absorption of THz by water, and realizes the sensing of active biochemical samples in liquid environment; taking chiral microstructure devices as sensors, or taking chiral THz waves as excitation fields, the polarization response of the sample can be enhanced as well as the sensing sensitivity, and the sensing of chiral molecular is realized.