Author Affiliations
College of Technology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Experimental results of motion trajectory of sample Building and KF. (a) 0th order; (b) 1st order; (c) 2nd order
Fig. 2. Residual error on axis x, y, and z with KF. (a) 0th order; (b) 1st order; (c) 2nd order
Fig. 3. Trajectories and filtering results with 2nd order KF on sample Building withdifferent R values. (a) 30I; (b) 4I; (c) 0.2I
Fig. 4. Trajectories and filtering results with 2nd order KF on sample Building with different Q values. (a) 3I; (b) 0.1I; (c) 0.01I
Fig. 5. Residual error on axis x with 0th, 1st, 2nd order KF
Fig. 6. Trajectory and filtering result of bone-setting manipulation in traditional Chinese medicine
Algorithm | Coordinates | Building | Cold | Computer | Danger | Eat | God |
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| x | 85.7652991 | 37.2144727 | 43.2016349 | 18.2427934 | 11.4084809 | 74.4759544 | 0th order | y | 190.6906610 | 67.9803545 | 44.8695997 | 25.9943078 | 21.8600122 | 50.9970174 | | z | 39.6238095 | 93.5489278 | 36.9415326 | 12.7371938 | 10.5501292 | 36.8776872 | | x | 34.8060188 | 22.0381775 | 17.0539551 | 76.5149218 | 5.2381563 | 28.5459469 | 1st order | y | 51.7367249 | 25.2197531 | 14.6823782 | 108.5313820 | 10.0821014 | 20.2509513 | | z | 21.5915851 | 36.4534309 | 11.9317256 | 66.8423323 | 5.9774000 | 17.0546853 | 2nd order | x | 21.5348542 | 15.3540591 | 9.8737133 | 43.4974544 | 3.1575473 | 16.3090411 | | y | 20.9164303 | 14.3103942 | 8.2031978 | 46.6180675 | 6.6071327 | 11.5142255 | | z | 11.3291778 | 18.9367321 | 5.9826285 | 38.9013875 | 4.2322532 | 10.4729371 |
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Table 1. Absolute sum of residual error with 0th, 1st, 2nd order KF on 6 samples
P | x | y | z |
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500I | 21.5331796472 | 20.9148040842 | 11.3286435679 | 400I | 21.5332857047 | 20.9149071307 | 11.3286774147 | 300I | 21.5334620487 | 20.9150784521 | 11.3287336890 | 200I | 21.5338131761 | 20.9154195184 | 11.3288457268 | 100I | 21.5348542396 | 20.9164302782 | 11.3291778089 | 80I | 21.5353679541 | 20.9169287787 | 11.3293416198 | 60I | 21.5362142518 | 20.9177496369 | 11.3296114025 | 50I | 21.5368825409 | 20.9183975074 | 11.3298243686 | 20I | 21.5425688778 | 20.9238983290 | 11.3316338730 |
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Table 2. SAE with 2nd order KF on sample Building with different P values
R | x | y | z |
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30I | 48.4224737799 | 83.2914649103 | 29.7303597756 | 20I | 45.2534437711 | 72.9649548151 | 27.1003582400 | 10I | 39.2102712106 | 56.0411115683 | 23.0350022062 | 8I | 37.6539014890 | 50.7264461524 | 21.8085859406 | 6I | 35.4847479897 | 44.8345042921 | 20.3777090702 | 4I | 32.3419862431 | 38.2323760679 | 18.2134450501 | 2I | 26.7796712207 | 28.0406756060 | 14.4526400811 | I | 21.5348542396 | 20.9164302782 | 11.3291778089 | 0.5I | 16.3290769750 | 14.9986293718 | 9.0987576773 | 0.2I | 10.4897126591 | 9.5568669154 | 6.4364301022 |
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Table 3. SAE with 2nd order KF on sample Building with different R values
Q | x | y | z |
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3I | 3.6143305371 | 3.2402297349 | 2.3305651027 | 2I | 4.8386090425 | 4.3558218077 | 3.0528520933 | I | 7.4431476121 | 6.7908915597 | 4.5985021498 | 0.1I | 21.5348542396 | 20.9164302782 | 11.3291778089 | 0.05I | 26.4180406329 | 27.7421923202 | 14.2432048317 | 0.02I | 32.8214863288 | 40.9316630926 | 18.6174965700 | 0.01I | 37.2450016960 | 53.8418198128 | 21.6609952331 |
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Table 4. SAE with 2nd order KF on sample Building with different Q values
Algorithm | x | y | z |
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0th order | 87.8364660648 | 89.3155974421 | 91.9954644107 | 1st order | 65.0689560382 | 54.8607837037 | 48.7496570238 | 2nd order | 28.9052231389 | 25.9885475680 | 23.6793952765 |
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Table 5. Sum of absolute errors with 0th, 1st, 2nd order KF on one sample of Chinese bone-setting