• Journal of Geographical Sciences
  • Vol. 30, Issue 7, 1117 (2020)
Lin HA1、2、3, Jianjun TU2, Jianping YANG1、*, Chunhai XU1, Jiaxing PANG4, Debin LU5, Zuolin YAO6, and Wenyu ZHAO4
Author Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2College of Economics and Management, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 4College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 5Department of Land Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • 6Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1007/s11442-020-1773-0 Cite this Article
    Lin HA, Jianjun TU, Jianping YANG, Chunhai XU, Jiaxing PANG, Debin LU, Zuolin YAO, Wenyu ZHAO. Regional eco-efficiency evaluation and spatial pattern analysis of the Yangtze River Economic Zone[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(7): 1117 Copy Citation Text show less
    Location of the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 1. Location of the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Eco-efficiency changes of the prefecture-level cities scale
    Fig. 2. Eco-efficiency changes of the prefecture-level cities scale
    Spatial eco-efficiency differences of the prefecture-level cities scale in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 3. Spatial eco-efficiency differences of the prefecture-level cities scale in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Changes of eco-efficiency at the provincial scale in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 4. Changes of eco-efficiency at the provincial scale in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Distribution of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 5. Distribution of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Eco-efficiency changes in different reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 6. Eco-efficiency changes in different reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Moran's I scatter plot of regional eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 7. Moran's I scatter plot of regional eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    LISA significance of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 8. LISA significance of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    LISA agglomeration of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Fig. 9. LISA agglomeration of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone
    Distribution of regional eco-efficiency standard deviation ellipse
    Fig. 10. Distribution of regional eco-efficiency standard deviation ellipse
    The migration orbit of regional eco-efficiency gravity center
    Fig. 11. The migration orbit of regional eco-efficiency gravity center
    Indicator typeIndicator attributeIndicator name (unit)
    InputCapitalFixed assets investment (ten thousand yuan)
    Labor forceEmployed population (10,000 people)
    EnergyEnergy consumption per 10 thousand yuan GDP
    LandUrban construction land area (square kilometers)
    Water resourcesTotal urban water use (10,000 tons)
    Desired outputTotal economic developmentRegional GDP (100 million yuan)
    Undesired outputWastewater disposalWastewater discharge (10,000 tons)
    Exhaust emissionsExhaust emissions (10,000 tons)
    Solid waste dischargeSolid waste discharge (10,000 tons)
    Table 1.

    The index system of eco-efficiency

    DecisionunitEvaluation valueStdevpDecisionunitEvaluation valueStdevp
    20002005201020152000200520102015
    Kunming (H1)0.1730.2700.2360.2780.041Ziyang (H43)0.1260.5040.1680.6030.207
    Qujing (H2)0.1430.4710.1650.2360.130Ngawa* (H44)0.0800.1620.0550.1930.057
    Yuxi (H3)0.2871.0000.2530.3500.306Garzê* (H45)0.0610.1180.0530.1550.042
    Zhaotong (H4)0.1320.4340.1270.2070.125Liangshan* (H46)0.5020.6970.1941.0000.293
    Chuxiong (H5)0.1660.3970.1480.1470.106Chongqing (H47)0.1740.3680.4130.5120.123
    Honghe (H6)0.2380.4810.2690.3670.095Wuhan (H48)0.3610.5350.5141.0000.239
    Wenshan (H7)0.1140.3620.1300.1920.098Huangshi (H49)0.2330.3810.2540.5540.128
    Puer (H8)0.0840.3230.1050.1890.094Shiyan (H50)0.1930.3850.2210.5250.134
    Xishuangbanna* (H9)0.1090.2710.1270.1550.063Jingzhou (H51)0.2340.5190.2770.6940.187
    Dali* (H10)0.2570.8260.1680.3340.255Yichang (H52)0.2950.6370.4091.0000.269
    Baoshan (H11)0.1110.2890.1250.1700.070Xiangyang (H53)0.2920.6870.6751.0000.251
    Dehong (H12)0.0810.1700.1130.1120.032Ezhou (H54)0.1650.2010.2630.5620.157
    Lijiang (H13)0.0570.1640.0720.1170.042Jingmen (H55)0.3310.6700.4430.7800.178
    Nujiang (H14)0.0340.0810.0980.0720.023Xiaogan (H56)0.2691.0000.2120.7220.326
    Diqing* (H15)0.0350.1350.0840.1140.037Huanggang (H57)0.4311.0000.4031.0000.292
    Lincang (H16)0.0890.3740.1010.1830.114Xianning (H58)0.2300.8190.3871.0000.312
    Guiyang (H17)0.0810.1020.1670.3990.126Enshi* (H59)0.2610.4890.3770.6390.139
    Liupanshui (H18)0.0600.1590.1150.5650.199Suizhou (H60)0.4430.6170.5111.0000.215
    Zunyi (H19)0.1150.2980.1970.5300.156Xiantao (H61)0.4470.3020.1801.0000.313
    Tongren (H20)0.0500.2590.0790.3480.124Tianmen (H62)0.3920.2320.1100.4930.147
    SW Guizhou* (H21)0.0540.2480.0700.3540.125Qianjing (H63)0.2010.2130.1671.0000.350
    Bijie (H22)0.0960.3240.1261.0000.365Changsha (H64)0.1541.0000.5130.7100.308
    Anshun (H23)0.0550.1540.0720.2970.096Zhuzhou (H65)0.1100.7900.1620.4260.270
    SE Guizhou* (H24)0.0590.1660.0730.3880.132Xiangtan (H66)0.0800.5430.1240.3930.191
    Qiannan* (H25)0.0911.0000.0820.4850.375Hengyang (H67)0.0950.7840.1700.4200.269
    Chengdu (H26)0.2170.4550.4280.5870.133Shaoyang (H68)0.1250.6350.0970.3960.219
    Zigong (H27)0.0910.2240.1260.3720.109Yueyang (H69)0.1061.0000.1750.5670.357
    Panzhihua (H28)0.0820.1800.1200.2240.054Changde (H70)0.0131.0000.2450.6680.381
    Luzhou (H29)0.0850.1740.1040.3350.098Zhangjiajie (H71)0.0780.3980.0970.2990.135
    Deyang (H30)0.1310.3190.1520.5030.150Yiyang (H72)0.1080.7230.1320.4150.250
    Mianyang (H31)0.1280.3130.1240.4010.120Chenzhou (H73)0.1061.0000.1300.4020.360
    Guangyuan (H32)0.0570.1220.0780.2560.077Yongzhou (H74)1.0000.5970.1040.3870.327
    Suining (H33)0.0890.1830.1110.3090.086Huaihua (H75)0.1290.6770.1260.4650.234
    Neijiang (H34)0.0620.2630.1170.4130.137Loudi (H76)0.1120.6120.1140.4130.212
    Leshan (H35)0.0570.2740.1240.3820.127Xiangxi (H77)0.0540.1381.0000.2680.374
    Nanchong (H36)0.0770.2140.1230.3690.111Nanchang (H78)0.1350.2510.2670.3270.070
    Yibin (H37)0.0700.3540.1860.4430.145Jingdezhen (H79)0.0880.1600.0920.1540.034
    Guangan (H38)1.0000.2790.0770.3500.346Pingxiang (H80)0.0990.1420.0850.1640.032
    Dazhou (H39)0.1260.3430.2350.4250.113Jiujiang (H81)0.0790.1770.1200.2580.067
    Yaan (H40)0.0650.2020.0630.4050.140Xinyu (H82)0.0840.1310.1170.1740.032
    Bazhong (H41)0.0640.2720.0910.3100.108Yingtan (H83)0.0790.1620.0890.1980.050
    Meishan (H42)0.0880.3690.1970.2250.100Ganzhou (H84)0.1560.3470.1540.2490.079
    Fuzhou (H85)0.1520.2140.1110.2380.050Changzhou (H108)0.4820.4280.3810.6790.114
    Ji'an (H86)0.2550.2830.1110.2350.066Suzhou2) (H109)1.0001.0001.0001.0000.000
    Yichun (H87)0.2520.2390.1080.2620.062Nantong (H110)1.0001.0000.7441.0000.111
    Shangrao (H88)0.2660.3610.1240.3090.088Lianyungang (H111)0.3710.3950.2390.4680.083
    Hefei (H89)1.0000.2470.3580.5250.288Huai'an (H112)0.3640.3310.2000.4660.095
    Wuhu (H90)0.4550.1820.1750.4560.139Yancheng (H113)0.8200.7311.0001.0000.117
    Bengbu (H91)0.2810.1680.1080.2610.070Yangzhou (H114)0.5730.5990.6080.7570.072
    Huainan (H92)0.2940.1170.1400.2920.083Zhenjiang (H115)0.4600.4870.5291.0000.221
    Maanshan (H93)1.0000.1450.1210.3180.357Taizhou3) (H116)0.5440.7381.0000.8190.164
    Huaibei (H94)0.2410.1410.0950.2840.076Suqian (H117)1.0000.7820.2650.6430.268
    Tongling (H95)0.4300.1410.1360.3240.125Hangzhou (H118)0.5891.0000.6261.0000.197
    Anqing (H96)0.3280.2280.1030.4040.113Ningbo (H119)0.7331.0000.6631.0000.153
    Huangshan (H97)0.3260.2010.0990.3010.090Jiaxing (H120)0.5830.7380.4560.6720.106
    Chuzhou (H98)0.4360.4990.1560.4170.131Huzhou (H121)0.5540.7410.2931.0000.259
    Fuyang (H99)0.2340.1730.1140.4230.116Shaoxing (H122)0.6000.4361.0000.5040.219
    Suzhou1) (H100)0.3080.2100.1190.4190.112Zhoushan (H123)1.0001.0000.1300.5320.363
    Lu'an (H101)0.2980.2160.1400.4030.097Wenzhou (H124)1.0001.0001.0001.0000.000
    Xuancheng (H102)0.4760.5640.9991.0000.242Jinhua (H125)0.5390.6551.0000.9040.185
    Chizhou (H103)0.1900.2450.0880.3380.091Quzhou (H126)0.2840.3190.3730.4200.052
    Bozhou (H104)0.4170.2910.0990.3880.124Taizhou4) (H127)0.8531.0000.6540.6080.158
    Nanjing (H105)0.2910.3710.4900.7970.192Lishui (H128)0.3080.6500.4701.0000.257
    Wuxi (H106)0.9191.0000.7880.8800.076Shanghai (H129)1.0001.0001.0001.0000.000
    Xuzhou (H107)0.3860.6210.4940.6700.111
    Table 2.

    Eco-efficiency of each city in the Yangtze River Economic Zone (The number of letter “H” is corresponding to Figures 2 and 3)

    ClassificationLow levelMedium levelMedium to high levelHigh levelRelatively effectiveFully effective
    Eco-efficiency(0, 0.2](0.2, 0.4)(0.4, 0.6](0.6, 0.8](0.8, 1)1
    Table 3.

    Division of eco-efficiency levels

    YearMoran's IStandard deviationZ valueP value
    20000.53720.66707.98330.01
    20050.37700.07075.49440.01
    20100.56600.06518.70500.01
    20150.53650.06388.40870.01
    Table 4.

    Statistical values of regional eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone

    YearFirst-quadrantSecond-quadrantThird-quadrantFourth-quadrant
    2000Yuxi, Chongqing, Xianning, Jingdezhen, Pingxiang, Ganzhou, Fuzhou, Wuhu, Huaibei, Tongling, Anqing, Chuzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou1), Lu'an, Xuancheng, Chizhou, Bozhou, Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Suzhou2), Nantong, Lianyungang, Huai'an, Yancheng, Taizhou3), Suqian, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Jinhua, Quzhou, Lishui, Yangzhou, ZhenjiangKunming, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Ya'an, Ji'an, Liangshan, Xiangyang, Changsha, Changde, Shangrao, Hefei, Huainan, Huangshan, Taizhou4), ShanghaiQvjing, Zhaotong, Chuxiong, Honghe, Wenshan, Pu'er, Dali*, Baoshan, Dehong, Lijiang, Diqing*, Lincang, Guiyang, Liupanshui, Tongren, SW Guizhou*, Bijie, Anshun, SE Guizhou, Qiannan*, Chengdu, Zigong, Panzhihua, Luzhou, Deyang, Neijiang, Leshan, Nanchong, Yibin, Guang'an, Dazhou, Bazhong, Meishan, Ziyang, A'ba*, Ganzi, Huangshi, Shiyan, Jingzhou, Yichang, Ezhou, Jingmen, Xiaogan, Huanggang, Enshi*, Suizhou, Xiantao, Tianmen, Qianjiang, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Yueyang, Zhangjiaji, Yiyang, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Huaihua, Loudi, Nanchang, Jiujiang, Xinyu, Maanshan, Zhoushan, Wenzhou, Sipsongpanna*, ZunyiNujiang, Sui- ning, Wuhan, Zhuzhou, Xiangxi, Yingtan, Yichun, Bengbu
    2005Yuxi, Bijie, Chongqing, Wuhan, Jingmen, Xiaogan, Xianning, Enshi*, Suizhou, Xiantao, Tianmen, Qianjiang, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Changde, Xinyu, Ganzhou, Fuzhou, Huaibei, Tongling, Anqing, Suzhou1), Lu'an, Chizhou, Bozhou, Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Taizhou3), Suqian, Hangzhou, JinhuaKunming, Qvjing, Dali*, Baoshan, Diqing*, Guiyang, Anshun, Liangshan, Shiyan, Jingzhou, Yueyang, Jiujiang, Chuzhou, Fu- yang, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Zhoushan, Quzhou, Taizhou4)Zhaotong, Chuxiong, Wenshan, Pu'er, Sipsongpanna*, Dehong, lijiang, liupanshui, Zunyi, Tongren, SE Guizhou*, Qiannan*, Chengdu, Zigong, Panzhihua, Luzhou, Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Suining, Neijiang, Nanchong, Yibin, Guang'an, Dazhou, Ya'an, Bazhong, Meishan, Ziyang, Ganzi, Yichang, Xiangyang, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Zhangjiajie, Yiyang, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Huaihua, Loudi, Xiangxi, Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Pingxiang, Ji'an, Yichun, Shangrao, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Maanshan, Huangshan, Xuancheng, Changzhou, Suzhou2), Nantong, Huai'an, Yancheng, Yangzhou, LishuiHonghe, Nujiang, Lincang, Leshan, A'ba*, Huangshi, Ezhou, Huanggang, Yingtan, Huainan, Zhenjiang, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Wenzhou, SW Guizhou, Shanghai
    2010Chongqing, Wuhan, Huangshi, Xianning, Yingtan, Ganzhou, Fuzhou, Huaibei, Tongling, Anqing, Huangshan, Chuzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou1), Lu'an, Chizhou, Bozhou, Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Nantong, Lianyungang, Taizhou3), Suqian, Hangzhou, JinhuaKunming, Yuxi, Liangshan*, Shiyan, Yichang, Ezhou, Enshi*, Jiu- jiang, Huainan, Suzhou2), Ningbo, Jia- xing, Shaoxing, Quzhou, Taizhou4), LishuiQvjing, Zhaotong, Chuxiong, Honghe, Wenshan, Pu'er, Sipsongpanna*, Dali*, Baoshan, Dehong, lijiang, Nujiang, Diqing*, Guiyang, Liupanshui, Zunyi, Tongren, SW Guizhou*, Bijie, Anshun, SE Guizhou*, Qian'an*, Chengdu, Zigong, Panzhihua, Luzhou, Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Suining, Neijiang, Leshan, Nanchong, Yibin, Guang'an, Dazhou, Ya'an, Bazhong, Meishan, Ziyang, Ganzi, Jingmen, Xiaogan, Huanggang, Xiantao, Tianmen, Qianjiang, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Yueyang, Changde, Zhangjiajie, Yiyang, Yongzhou, Huaihua, Loudi, Xiangxi, Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Pingxiang, Ji'an, Yichun, Shangrao, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Maanshan, Xuancheng, Huai'an, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Zhoushan, WenzhouLincang, A'ba*, Jingzhou, Xiangyang, Suizhou, Chenzhou, Xinyu, Yancheng, Huzhou, Shanghai
    2015Kunming, Yuxi, Anshun, Liangshan, Chongqing, Wuhan, Huangshi, Huanggang, Xianning, Enshi*, Jiujiang, Xinyu, Yingtan, Ganzhou, Fuzhou, Huainan, Huaibei, Tongling, Anqing, Chuzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou1), Lu'an, Chizhou, Bozhou, Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Nantong, Lianyungang, Taizhou3), Suqian, Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Jinhua, Quzhou, Taizhou4), Lishui, ShanghaiZunyi, Bijie, SW Guizhou*, Shiyan, Jingmen, Yongzhou, Pingxiang, Huangshan, Xuancheng, Suzhou2), Ningbo, ShaoxingQvjing, Zhaotong, Chuxiong, Honghe, Wenshan, Pu'er, Sipsongpanna*, Dali*, Baoshan, Dehong, lijiang, Diqing*, Lincang, Guiyang, liupanshui, Tongren, Qiannan*, Chengdu, Zigong, Panzhihua, Luzhou, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Suining, Neijiang, Nanchong, Yibin, Guang'an, Dazhou, Ya'an, Bazhong, Meishan, Ganzi, Jingzhou, Yichang, Ezhou, Xiaogan, Xiantao, Tianmen, Qianjiang, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Yueyang, Changde, Zhangjiajie, Yiyang, Chenzhou, Huaihua, Loudi, Xiangxi, Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Ji'an, Yichun, Shangrao, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Maanshan, Huai'an, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Zhoushan, WenzhouNujiang, Deyang, Leshan, Ziyang, A'ba*, Xiangyang, Suizhou, Yancheng, SE2Guizhou*, Huzhou
    Table 5.

    Information of Moran's I scatter plot of regional eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone

    YearAverage center X (°)Average center Y (°)Standard distance X (m)Standard distance Y(m)The direction of the ellipse (°)
    2000115.47330.436302346.9848975.769.357
    2005113.08929.552313050.6942349.668.645
    2010114.72830.183294889.3893137.370.664
    2015113.45330.075296667.2872024.570.803
    Table 6.

    Center and standard elliptic difference parameter of regional eco-efficiency

    Lin HA, Jianjun TU, Jianping YANG, Chunhai XU, Jiaxing PANG, Debin LU, Zuolin YAO, Wenyu ZHAO. Regional eco-efficiency evaluation and spatial pattern analysis of the Yangtze River Economic Zone[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(7): 1117
    Download Citation