The laser can be influenced by the atmospheric turbulence during its transmission and this turbulence introduces aberrations which leading to the spot diffusion on the imaging surface and the decrease of energy utilization. Thus, the remote sound collection quality is reduced, which is not conductive to the application of laser eavesdropping in the actual environments. With aberration as the research object, the influence of aberration on the energy utilization in laser remote sound eavesdropping is investigated and the corresponding theoretical deviation is performed. In addition, the influences of single-order Zernike aberrations and the atmospheric turbulences with different types and different magnitudes on the remote sound collection quality are analyzed. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation is conducted. The results show that the influences of aberrations with different types and different magnitudes on energy utilization are different, and the utilization decreases with the increase of aberration. Moreover, the different types of atmospheric turbulences have different effects on energy utilization, and the utilization basically decreases with the increase of D/r0. This study provides a theoretical basis and reference for the improvement of laser remote sound eavesdropping quality.