Halide perovskite and perovskite-like materials have emerged as very promising optoelectronic materials in the field of X-ray detection, including both direct methods and indirect methods. Due to their remarkable performances, such as strong X-ray stopping capacity and cost-effective manufacturing, the research advances of perovskite X-ray detection have achieved significant progress and attracted lots of attention worldwide. Meanwhile, perovskite based X-ray imaging systems have been successfully demonstrated as well. In this review, we will firstly introduce some fundamental principles of X-ray detection and imaging, summarize the advances of X-ray detection and imaging based on novel metal halide semiconductors and scintillators, and finally put forward some issues and outlooks.