Estimation of Optical Turbulence Intensity near Sea Surface Using Ultrasonic Anemometer Array

Haojia Zhang; Gang Sun; Liming Zhu; Hanjiu Zhang; Xuebin Ma; Xiaodan Hu; Zihan Zhang; Ying Liu; Xuebin Li

doi:10.3788/AOS221007

Journals >Acta Optica Sinica >Volume 43 >Issue 6 >Page 0601001 > Article

Acta Optica Sinica
Vol. 43, Issue 6, 0601001 (2023)

Estimation of Optical Turbulence Intensity near Sea Surface Using Ultrasonic Anemometer Array

Haojia Zhang^1、2, Gang Sun^1、*, Liming Zhu^1、2, Hanjiu Zhang^1、3, Xuebin Ma^1、2, Xiaodan Hu^1、2, Zihan Zhang^1、2, Ying Liu^1、3, and Xuebin Li¹

Author Affiliations

¹Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China

²Science Island Branch of Graduates School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China

³School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China

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DOI: 10.3788/AOS221007 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Haojia Zhang, Gang Sun, Liming Zhu, Hanjiu Zhang, Xuebin Ma, Xiaodan Hu, Zihan Zhang, Ying Liu, Xuebin Li. Estimation of Optical Turbulence Intensity near Sea Surface Using Ultrasonic Anemometer Array[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(6): 0601001 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Experimental site and measurement equipment

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Fig. 2. Ultrasonic data processing process

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Fig. 3.

C_{n}^{2}

comparison

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Fig. 4. Temperature change and temperature gradient change. (a) Temperature change; (b) temperature gradient change

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Fig. 5. Wind speed, wind shear change, and turbulence intensity change. (a) Wind speed and wind shear change; (b) turbulence intensity change

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Fig. 6.

C_{n}^{2}

correlation diagram

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Fig. 7.

z / L

varying with time

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Fig. 8.

C_{n}^{2}

varying with

z / L

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Instrument	Variable	Resolution	Range
CSAT3B	u	1.0 mm·s^-1	-32.8-32.8 m·s^-1
	v	1.0 mm·s^-1	-32.8-32.8 m·s^-1
	w	0.5 mm·s^-1	-65.5-65.5 m·s^-1
	T_s	±0.002 ℃	-30-50 ℃
WXT536	P	0.1 hPa	600-1100 hPa
	T	0.1 ℃	-52-60 °C
	RH	0.1%	0-100%

Table 1. Main indicators of measurement equipment

Run number	Run. 20 （February 20，2021）	Run. 47 （March 30，2021）	Run. 80（April 27，2021）	Run. 87（May 3，2021）	Run. 120（June 16，2021）
$C_{T}^{2}_C_{n}^{2} / (10^{- 16} m^{- 2 / 3})$	$25.3$	$9.38$	$9.59$	$15.8$	$21.2$
$C_{v}^{2}_C_{n}^{2} / (10^{- 16} m^{- 2 / 3})$	$2.54$	$10.7$	$15.7$	$30.6$	$8.14$
$\|Δ l g C_{n}^{2}\|$	0.98	0.06	0.21	0.29	0.41
$R$	0.84	0.86	0.96	0.98	0.71

Table 2. Comparison of results of two calculation methods for five typical runs

Meteorological parameter		$T_{s} / ℃$	$Δ T / ℃$	$R H / %$	$U / (m \cdot s^{- 1})$	$S / s^{- 1}$	$C_{v}^{2} / m^{- 2 / 3}$
$C_{n}^{2}$ obtained by ultrasonic anemometer array calculation method	Whole day on April 27	0.75	0.50	-0.83	0.18	0.44	-0.04
	Daytime on April 27	0.83	-0.11	-0.81	0.16	0.23	0.10
	Night on April 27	-0.44	-0.41	-0.21	0.81	0.80	0.89
$C_{n}^{2}$ obtained by ultrasonic single point virtual temperature estimation method	Whole day on April 27	0.71	0.38	-0.81	0.25	0.55	0.98
	Daytime on April 27	0.91	-0.22	-0.82	0.06	0.28	0.98
	Night on April 27	-0.56	-0.55	-0.29	0.94	0.93	0.98

Table 3. Correlation between

C_{n}^{2}

and meteorological parameters of Run. 80

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