The effect of adjacent solitons interaction on the transmission property of solitons is studied in the nonlinear optical communication dispersion compensation system by using variational method and virial theorem. The results show that, the two solitons attract each other and then repel with periodical collision law, and the bound state is formed, in the common single-mode fiber with phase matching and equal amplitude injection. But under the same condition, the solitons do not collide in dispersion compensation fiber. In dispersion compensation fiber, with phase mismatch and equal amplitude injection, the solitons leave each other; with phase matching and unequal amplitude injection, if the initial positional interval is small, a relatively large initial amplitude difference is necessary for the transmission of solitons.