1. Schematic illustration for the synthetic process of De- Sb/MCNT composite
2. SEM images of (a) Raw-Sb, (b) AlSb, (c) De-Sb, (d) MCNT, (e, f) Raw-Sb/MCNT and (g, h) De-Sb/MCNT
3. (a) TEM image, (b) HRTEM image, (c) SAED pattern, (d) SEM image and the corresponding (e) Sb, (f) C, and (g) O elemental mapping images of De-Sb/MCNT
4. XRD patterns of (a) AlSb, (b) Raw-Sb, De-Sb, Raw-Sb/MCNT and De-Sb/MCNT, (c) Raman spectra of MCNT, De-Sb and De-Sb/MCNT, and (d) XPS spectrum of De-Sb/MCNT Colorful figures are available on website
5. (a) N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of Raw-Sb, De-Sb, Raw-Sb/MCNT and De-Sb/MCNT, and (b) pore size distributions of Raw-Sb and De-Sb Colorful figures are available on website
6. (a) Cyclic voltammogram and (b) Galvanostatic charge/discharge voltage profile at 200 mA·g-1 of De-Sb/MCNT, (c) long-term cycling performance of Raw-Sb/MCNT and De-Sb/MCNT at 800 mA·g-1, and (d) rate performance of De-Sb/MCNT
7. EIS plots of Raw-Sb/MCNT and De-Sb/MCNT after 1 and 50 cycles with inset showing the corresponding equivalent circuit
8. SEM images of (a, c) Raw-Sb/MCNT electrode and (b, d) De-Sb/MCNT electrode (a, b) before and (c, d) after 50 cycles
Material | Capacity/(mAh·g-1)
| Cycling stability | Ref. |
---|
Sb/Super P | 610 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 94% after 100 cycles | [1] | Sb/MCNT | 502 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 76.1% after 120 cycles | [2] | SbOx/RGO
| 427 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 95% after 100 cycles | [3] | Sb-AlC0.75-C
| 295 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 83% after 100 cycles | [4] | Dealloyed Sb | 620 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 90.2 % after 100 cycles | [5] | Sb nanoparticles/RGO | 476 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 81% after 45 cycles | [6] | Sb2S3/C
| 598 (0.2 A·g-1)
| 93.1% after 100 cycles | [7] | Nanoporous Sb/C | 436 (0.05 A·g-1)
| No fading after 200 cycles | [8] | Antimony nanocrystals/C | 520 (0.1 A·g-1)
| 88% after 500 cycles | [9] | SiC-Sb-Cu-C | 542 (0.02 A·g-1)
| No fading after 100 cycles | [10] | De-Sb/MCNT | 408.6 (0.2 A·g-1)
| 97% after 200 cycles, 88% after 330 cycles | This work |
|
Table 1. Electrochemical performance of different Sb-based materials as Na ion battery electrodes
Sample | Cycle number | RS/Ω
| RSEI/Ω
| RCT/Ω
|
---|
Raw-Sb/MCNT | 1 | 2.89 | 37.62 | 23.70 | 50 | 4.38 | 43.29 | 142.90 | De-Sb/MCNT | 1 | 1.32 | 21.44 | 44.84 | 50 | 2.68 | 24.44 | 51.25 |
|
Table 1. Fitting results of the EIS plots of Raw-Sb/MCNT and De-Sb/MCNT